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Word meaning, representation, and interpretation play fundamental roles in natural language understanding (NLU), natural language processing (NLP), and natural language generation (NLG) tasks. Many of the inherent difficulties in these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Lifeng Han , Gareth J. F. Jones , Alan F. Smeaton

Information Extraction (IE) plays a crucial role in Natural Language Processing (NLP) by extracting structured information from unstructured text, thereby facilitating seamless integration with various real-world applications that rely on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Yida Cai , Hao Sun , Hsiu-Yuan Huang , Yunfang Wu

Recent pretraining models in Chinese neglect two important aspects specific to the Chinese language: glyph and pinyin, which carry significant syntax and semantic information for language understanding. In this work, we propose ChineseBERT,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-07-01 Zijun Sun , Xiaoya Li , Xiaofei Sun , Yuxian Meng , Xiang Ao , Qing He , Fei Wu , Jiwei Li

As the structure of Chinese characters are very different, it is very difficult to input Chinese characters into computer quickly and conveniently. The conventional keyboard does not support the pictorial characters in Chinese language.…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2013-10-14 Umakant Mishra

Chinese parsing has traditionally been solved by three pipeline systems including word-segmentation, part-of-speech tagging and dependency parsing modules. In this paper, we propose an end-to-end Chinese parsing model based on character…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-09 Yuan Zhang , Zhiyang Teng , Yue Zhang

State-of-the-art language models are autoregressive and operate on subword units known as tokens. Specifically, one must encode the conditioning string into a list of tokens before passing to the language models for next-token prediction.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Buu Phan , Marton Havasi , Matthew Muckley , Karen Ullrich

Tokenization is fundamental to pretrained language models (PLMs). Existing tokenization methods for Chinese PLMs typically treat each character as an indivisible token. However, they ignore the unique feature of the Chinese writing system…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-16 Chenglei Si , Zhengyan Zhang , Yingfa Chen , Fanchao Qi , Xiaozhi Wang , Zhiyuan Liu , Yasheng Wang , Qun Liu , Maosong Sun

Chinese idioms are special fixed phrases usually derived from ancient stories, whose meanings are oftentimes highly idiomatic and non-compositional. The Chinese idiom prediction task is to select the correct idiom from a set of candidate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-05 Minghuan Tan , Jing Jiang

This paper presents a novel approach to the acquisition of language models from corpora. The framework builds on Cobweb, an early system for constructing taxonomic hierarchies of probabilistic concepts that used a tabular, attribute-value…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-23 Christopher J. MacLellan , Peter Matsakis , Pat Langley

This paper studies Chinese Spelling Correction (CSC), which aims to detect and correct the potential spelling errors in a given sentence. Current state-of-the-art methods regard CSC as a sequence tagging task and fine-tune BERT-based models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-29 Linfeng Liu , Hongqiu Wu , Hai Zhao

Chinese short text matching is a fundamental task in natural language processing. Existing approaches usually take Chinese characters or words as input tokens. They have two limitations: 1) Some Chinese words are polysemous, and semantic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-26 Boer Lyu , Lu Chen , Su Zhu , Kai Yu

Copy mechanism allows sequence-to-sequence models to choose words from the input and put them directly into the output, which is finding increasing use in abstractive summarization. However, since there is no explicit delimiter in Chinese…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-22 Boyan Wan , Mishal Sohail

Neural machine translation (NMT), a new approach to machine translation, has been proved to outperform conventional statistical machine translation (SMT) across a variety of language pairs. Translation is an open-vocabulary problem, but…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-11-15 Yining Wang , Long Zhou , Jiajun Zhang , Chengqing Zong

Chinese Spell Checking (CSC) aims to detect and correct erroneous characters for user-generated text in the Chinese language. Most of the Chinese spelling errors are misused semantically, phonetically or graphically similar characters.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-27 Heng-Da Xu , Zhongli Li , Qingyu Zhou , Chao Li , Zizhen Wang , Yunbo Cao , Heyan Huang , Xian-Ling Mao

Chinese text recognition is more challenging than Latin text due to the large amount of fine-grained Chinese characters and the great imbalance over classes, which causes a serious overfitting problem. We propose to apply Maximum Entropy…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-10 Changxu Cheng , Wuheng Xu , Xiang Bai , Bin Feng , Wenyu Liu

Most of the Chinese pre-trained models adopt characters as basic units for downstream tasks. However, these models ignore the information carried by words and thus lead to the loss of some important semantics. In this paper, we propose a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-14 Wenbiao Li , Rui Sun , Yunfang Wu

Recent studies have consistently given positive hints that morphology is helpful in enriching word embeddings. In this paper, we argue that Chinese word embeddings can be substantially enriched by the morphological information hidden in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-12 Hanqing Tao , Shiwei Tong , Tong Xu , Qi Liu , Enhong Chen

Maximum-likelihood estimation (MLE) is widely used in sequence to sequence tasks for model training. It uniformly treats the generation/prediction of each target token as multi-class classification, and yields non-smooth prediction…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-12-13 Chengyue Gong , Xu Tan , Di He , Tao Qin

Chinese characters carry a wealth of morphological and semantic information; therefore, the semantic enhancement of the morphology of Chinese characters has drawn significant attention. The previous methods were intended to directly extract…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-19 Zongze Chen , Wenxia Yang , Xin Li

Machine reading comprehension (MRC) is the task that asks a machine to answer questions based on a given context. For Chinese MRC, due to the non-literal and non-compositional semantic characteristics, Chinese idioms pose unique challenges…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-10 Siyu Long , Ran Wang , Kun Tao , Jiali Zeng , Xin-Yu Dai