Related papers: Rank Distributions: Frequency vs. Magnitude
A set of data with positive values follows a Pareto distribution if the log-log plot of value versus rank is approximately a straight line. A Pareto distribution satisfies Zipf's law if the log-log plot has a slope of -1. Since many types…
We study the distribution of neighborhoods across a set of 12 global cities and find that the distribution of neighborhood sizes follows exponential decay across all cities under consideration. We are able to analytically show that this…
We investigate the Markov nature, Cascade of information from large time scale to small scale and extended self similarity properties of the beat to beat fluctuations of healthy subjects as well as those with congestive heart failure. To…
The frequency distributions of DNA k-mers are shaped by fundamental biological processes and offer a window into genome structure and evolution. Inspired by analogies to natural language, prior studies have attempted to model genomic k-mer…
The concept of median/consensus has been widely investigated in order to provide a statistical summary of ranking data, i.e. realizations of a random permutation $\Sigma$ of a finite set, $\{1,\; \ldots,\; n\}$ with $n\geq 1$ say. As it…
The nature of the quantitative distribution of the 64 DNA codons in the human genome has been an issue of debate for over a decade. Some groups have proposed that the quantitative distribution of the DNA codons ordered as a rank-frequency…
The distribution of frequency counts of distinct words by length in a language's vocabulary will be analyzed using two methods. The first, will look at the empirical distributions of several languages and derive a distribution that…
We investigate the statistics of recurrences to finite size intervals for chaotic dynamical systems. We find that the typical distribution presents an exponential decay for almost all recurrence times except for a few short times affected…
We consider two numerical entropy--type invariants for actions of $\Zk$, invariant under a choice of generators and well-adapted for smooth actions whose individual elements have positive entropy. We concentrate on the maximal rank case,…
The frequency of the preferred order for a noun phrase formed by demonstrative, numeral, adjective and noun has received significant attention over the last two decades. We investigate the actual distribution of the 24 possible orders.…
Quantifying the similarity between symbolic sequences is a traditional problem in Information Theory which requires comparing the frequencies of symbols in different sequences. In numerous modern applications, ranging from DNA over music to…
Assume in a sample of size M one finds M_i representatives of species i with i=1...N^*. The normalized frequency p^*_i=M_i/M, based on the finite sample, may deviate considerably from the true probabilities p_i. We propose a method to infer…
The frequency of occurrence of prime numbers at unit number spacing intervals exhibits selfsimilar fractal fluctuations concomitant with inverse power law form for power spectrum generic to dynamical systems in nature such as fluid flows,…
Considering the first significant digits (noted d) in data sets of dissipation for turbulent flows, the probability to find a given number (d=1 or 2 or... 9) would be 1/9 for an uniform distribution. Instead the probability closely follows…
Distributions of abundances or frequencies play an important role in many fields of science, from biology to sociology, as does the R\'enyi entropy, which measures the diversity of a statistical ensemble. We derive a mathematical relation…
This article is dedicated to the following class of problems. Start with an $N\times N$ Hermitian matrix randomly picked from a matrix ensemble - the reference matrix. Applying a rank-$t$ perturbation to it, with $t$ taking the values $1\le…
In problems involving approximation, completion, denoising, dimension reduction, estimation, interpolation, modeling, order reduction, regression, etc, we argue that the near-universal practice of assuming that a function, matrix, or tensor…
We show that the natural scaling of measurement for a particular problem defines the most likely probability distribution of observations taken from that measurement scale. Our approach extends the method of maximum entropy to use…
The occurrence of the nonzero leftmost digit, i.e., 1, 2, ..., 9, of numbers from many real world sources is not uniformly distributed as one might naively expect, but instead, the nature favors smaller ones according to a logarithmic…
Size varies. Small things are typically more frequent than large things. The logarithm of frequency often declines linearly with the logarithm of size. That power law relation forms one of the common patterns of nature. Why does the…