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Word embeddings are a key component of high-performing natural language processing (NLP) systems, but it remains a challenge to learn good representations for novel words on the fly, i.e., for words that did not occur in the training data.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-11-12 Timo Schick , Hinrich Schütze

Inspired by recent advances in multimodal learning and machine translation, we introduce an encoder-decoder pipeline that learns (a): a multimodal joint embedding space with images and text and (b): a novel language model for decoding…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-11-11 Ryan Kiros , Ruslan Salakhutdinov , Richard S. Zemel

Achieving consistent sentiment representation across diverse modalities remains a key challenge in multimodal sentiment analysis. However, rapid emotional fluctuations over time often introduce instability, leading to compromised prediction…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Guoyang Xu , Zhenxi Song , Junqi Xue , Yuxin Liu , Zirui Wang , Zhiguo Zhang

In this paper we propose to learn a multimodal image and text embedding from Web and Social Media data, aiming to leverage the semantic knowledge learnt in the text domain and transfer it to a visual model for semantic image retrieval. We…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-08-21 Raul Gomez , Lluis Gomez , Jaume Gibert , Dimosthenis Karatzas

Cross-lingual transfer of word embeddings aims to establish the semantic mappings among words in different languages by learning the transformation functions over the corresponding word embedding spaces. Successfully solving this problem…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-09-12 Ruochen Xu , Yiming Yang , Naoki Otani , Yuexin Wu

Vision-language models (VLMs) allow to embed texts and images in a shared representation space. However, it has been shown that these models are subject to a modality gap phenomenon meaning there exists a clear separation between the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-07 François Role , Sébastien Meyer , Victor Amblard

Word embeddings have been shown to benefit from ensambling several word embedding sources, often carried out using straightforward mathematical operations over the set of word vectors. More recently, self-supervised learning has been used…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-01-27 James O' Neill , Danushka Bollegala

Several techniques to map various types of components, such as words, attributes, and images, into the embedded space have been studied. Most of them estimate the embedded representation of target entity as a point in the projective space.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-09 Ryotaro Shimizu , Masanari Kimura , Masayuki Goto

Word evolution refers to the changing meanings and associations of words throughout time, as a byproduct of human language evolution. By studying word evolution, we can infer social trends and language constructs over different periods of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-02-14 Zijun Yao , Yifan Sun , Weicong Ding , Nikhil Rao , Hui Xiong

In this paper, we investigate the semantic collapsing problem in generative personalization, an under-explored topic where the learned visual concept ($V$) gradually shifts from its original textual meaning and comes to dominate other…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Anh Bui , Trang Vu , Trung Le , Junae Kim , Tamas Abraham , Rollin Omari , Amar Kaur , Dinh Phung

Product embedding serves as a cornerstone for a wide range of applications in eCommerce. The product embedding learned from multiple modalities shows significant improvement over that from a single modality, since different modalities…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Baohao Liao , Michael Kozielski , Sanjika Hewavitharana , Jiangbo Yuan , Shahram Khadivi , Tomer Lancewicki

Modern AI is opening the door to collective decision-making in which participants express their views as free-form text rather than voting on a fixed set of candidates. A natural idea is to embed these opinions in a vector space so that the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Carter Blair , Ariel D. Procaccia , Milind Tambe

Traditional transformer-based semantic segmentation relies on quantized embeddings. However, our analysis reveals that autoencoder accuracy on segmentation mask using quantized embeddings (e.g. VQ-VAE) is 8% lower than continuous-valued…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Masud Ahmed , Zahid Hasan , Syed Arefinul Haque , Abu Zaher Md Faridee , Sanjay Purushotham , Suya You , Nirmalya Roy

Deep Metric Learning (DML) proposes to learn metric spaces which encode semantic similarities as embedding space distances. These spaces should be transferable to classes beyond those seen during training. Commonly, DML methods task…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-17 Karsten Roth , Oriol Vinyals , Zeynep Akata

In this paper, we propose a deep convolutional neural network-based acoustic word embedding system on code-switching query by example spoken term detection. Different from previous configurations, we combine audio data in two languages for…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-05-26 Murong Ma , Haiwei Wu , Xuyang Wang , Lin Yang , Junjie Wang , Ming Li

We propose a novel approach for multi-modal Image-to-image (I2I) translation. To tackle the one-to-many relationship between input and output domains, previous works use complex training objectives to learn a latent embedding, jointly with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-16 Moustafa Meshry , Yixuan Ren , Larry S Davis , Abhinav Shrivastava

Linguistic similarity is multi-faceted. For instance, two words may be similar with respect to semantics, syntax, or morphology inter alia. Continuous word-embeddings have been shown to capture most of these shades of similarity to some…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-07-05 Ryan Cotterell , Hinrich Schütze

The natural world is abundant with concepts expressed via visual, acoustic, tactile, and linguistic modalities. Much of the existing progress in multimodal learning, however, focuses primarily on problems where the same set of modalities…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-08 Paul Pu Liang , Peter Wu , Liu Ziyin , Louis-Philippe Morency , Ruslan Salakhutdinov

Different machine learning models can represent the same underlying concept in different ways. This variability is particularly valuable for in-the-wild multimodal retrieval, where the objective is to identify the corresponding…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Fan Xu , Luis A. Leiva

Recent approaches to cross-lingual word embedding have generally been based on linear transformations between the sets of embedding vectors in the two languages. In this paper, we propose an approach that instead expresses the two…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-10-08 Chunting Zhou , Xuezhe Ma , Di Wang , Graham Neubig