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In supervised machine learning, use of correct labels is extremely important to ensure high accuracy. Unfortunately, most datasets contain corrupted labels. Machine learning models trained on such datasets do not generalize well. Thus,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-14 Chang Yue , Niraj K. Jha

Electrocardiography (ECG) is a non-invasive tool for predicting cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Current ECG-based diagnosis systems show promising performance owing to the rapid development of deep learning techniques. However, the label…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-21 Rushuang Zhou , Lei Lu , Zijun Liu , Ting Xiang , Zhen Liang , David A. Clifton , Yining Dong , Yuan-Ting Zhang

With the development of deep learning-based methods, automated classification of electrocardiograms (ECGs) has recently gained much attention. Although the effectiveness of deep neural networks has been encouraging, the lack of information…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-03-02 Wenrui Zhang , Xinxin Di , Guodong Wei , Shijia Geng , Zhaoji Fu , Shenda Hong

Label ambiguity is an inherent problem in real-world electrocardiogram (ECG) diagnosis, arising from overlapping conditions and diagnostic disagreement. However, current ECG models are trained under the assumption of clean and non-ambiguous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Sana Rahmani , Javad Hashemi , Ali Etemad

Multilabel learning is an important topic in machine learning research. Evaluating models in multilabel settings requires specific cross validation methods designed for multilabel data. In this article, we show that the most widely used…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-05 Henri Tiittanen , Liisa Holm , Petri Törönen

We propose a novel sample selection method for image classification in the presence of noisy labels. Existing methods typically consider small-loss samples as correctly labeled. However, some correctly labeled samples are inherently…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-25 Weiran Pan , Wei Wei , Feida Zhu , Yong Deng

A key requirement for supervised machine learning is labeled training data, which is created by annotating unlabeled data with the appropriate class. Because this process can in many cases not be done by machines, labeling needs to be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-12 Nicolas Michael Müller , Karla Markert

Sample selection is a prevalent approach in learning with noisy labels, aiming to identify confident samples for training. Although existing sample selection methods have achieved decent results by reducing the noise rate of the selected…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Suqin Yuan , Lei Feng , Bo Han , Tongliang Liu

The 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) is a commonly used tool for detecting cardiac abnormalities such as atrial fibrillation, blocks, and irregular complexes. For the PhysioNet/CinC 2020 Challenge, we built an algorithm using gradient…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-10-27 Alexander William Wong , Weijie Sun , Sunil Vasu Kalmady , Padma Kaul , Abram Hindle

Cardiovascular disease is a large worldwide healthcare issue; symptoms often present suddenly with minimal warning. The electrocardiogram (ECG) is a fast, simple and reliable method of evaluating the health of the heart, by measuring…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-01-15 Yola Jones , Fani Deligianni , Jeff Dalton

Binary classification rules based on covariates typically depend on simple loss functions such as zero-one misclassification. Some cases may require more complex loss functions. For example, individual-level monitoring of HIV-infected…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-05-14 Yizhen Xu , Tao Liu , Michael J. Daniels , Rami Kantor , Ann Mwangi , Joseph W. Hogan

Cross-validation is a widely-used technique to estimate prediction error, but its behavior is complex and not fully understood. Ideally, one would like to think that cross-validation estimates the prediction error for the model at hand, fit…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-03-12 Stephen Bates , Trevor Hastie , Robert Tibshirani

The classification of electrocardiogram (ECG) plays a crucial role in the development of an automatic cardiovascular diagnostic system. However, considerable variances in ECG signals between individuals is a significant challenge. Changes…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-08 Md Niaz Imtiaz , Naimul Khan

Labeling mistakes are frequently encountered in real-world applications. If not treated well, the labeling mistakes can deteriorate the classification performances of a model seriously. To address this issue, we propose an improved Naive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-14 Qianhan Zeng , Yingqiu Zhu , Xuening Zhu , Feifei Wang , Weichen Zhao , Shuning Sun , Meng Su , Hansheng Wang

Electrocardiogram (ECG) is a simple non-invasive measure to identify heart-related issues such as irregular heartbeats known as arrhythmias. While artificial intelligence and machine learning is being utilized in a wide range of healthcare…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-11 Minh Cao , Tianqi Zhao , Yanxun Li , Wenhao Zhang , Peyman Benharash , Ramin Ramezani

In primary diagnosis and analysis of heart defects, an ECG signal plays a significant role. This paper presents a model for the prediction of ventricular tachycardia arrhythmia using noise filtering, a unique set of ECG features, and a…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-12-28 Pampa Howladar , Manodipan Sahoo

Electrocardiogram (ECG) delineation plays a crucial role in assisting cardiologists with accurate diagnoses. Prior research studies have explored various methods, including the application of deep learning techniques, to achieve precise…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Aram Avetisyan , Nikolas Khachaturov , Ariana Asatryan , Shahane Tigranyan , Yury Markin

Electrocardiography analysis is widely used in various clinical applications and Deep Learning models for classification tasks are currently in the focus of research. Due to their data-driven character, they bear the potential to handle…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-07-04 Theresa Bender , Philip Gemke , Ennio Idrobo-Avila , Henning Dathe , Dagmar Krefting , Nicolai Spicher

Traditionally, machine learning-based clinical prediction models have been trained and evaluated on patient data from a single source, such as a hospital. Cross-validation methods can be used to estimate the accuracy of such models on new…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-24 Tuija Leinonen , David Wong , Antti Vasankari , Ali Wahab , Ramesh Nadarajah , Matti Kaisti , Antti Airola

With recently successful applications of deep learning in computer vision and general signal processing, deep learning has shown many unique advantages in medical signal processing. However, data labelling quality has become one of the most…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-01-26 Zijiao Chen , Zihuai Lin , Peng Wang , Ming Ding