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Supermassive black hole (SMBH) binaries are expected in a Lambda CDM cosmology given that most (if not all) massive galaxies contain a massive black hole at their center. So far, however, direct evidence for such binaries has been elusive.…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-16 Wenhua Ju , Jenny E. Greene , Roman R. Rafikov , Steven J. Bickerton , Carles Badenes

We report the discovery of three low-mass black hole candidates residing in the centers of low-mass galaxies at z<0.3 in the Chandra Deep Field - South Survey. These black holes are initially identified as candidate active galactic nuclei…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-16 M. Schramm , J. D. Silverman , J. E. Greene , W. N. Brandt , B. Luo , Y. Q. Xue , P. Capak , Y. Kakazu , J. Kartaltepe , V. Mainieri

We present predictions for cosmic evolution of populations of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) forming from Population III.1 seeds, i.e., early, metal-free dark matter minihalos forming far from other sources, parameterized by isolation…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-08-16 Jasbir Singh , Pierluigi Monaco , Jonathan C. Tan

Tracking the evolution of high redshift seed black hole masses to late times, we examine the observable signatures today. These massive initial black hole seeds form at extremely high redshifts from the direct collapse of pre-galactic gas…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2011-04-27 Priyamvada Natarajan

The properties of quasar-host galaxies might be determined by the growth and feedback of their supermassive (SMBH, $10^{8-10}$ M$_{\odot}$) black holes. We investigate such connection with a suite of cosmological simulations of massive…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-08-16 Milena Valentini , Simona Gallerani , Andrea Ferrara

I review scenarios for the assembly of supermassive black holes (MBHs) at the center of galaxies that trace their hierarchical build-up far up in the dark matter halo "merger tree". Monte Carlo realizations of the merger hierarchy in a LCDM…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Piero Madau

We run and analyze a suite of high-redshift zoom-in cosmological simulations with varying supernova feedback and supermassive black hole (SMBH) accretion prescriptions to study the joint evolution of stellar and SMBH mass in high-redshift…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-05-07 Ziyong Wu , Renyue Cen , Romain Teyssier

The origin of supermassive black holes (SMBH) in galaxy centers still remains uncertain. There are two possible ways of their formation - from massive ($10^5 - 10^6 M_{\odot}$) and low-mass ($100 M_{\odot}$) BH nuclei. The latter scenario…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-09-28 Victoria Toptun , Igor Chilingarian , Kirill Grishin , Ivan Katkov , Ivan Zolotukhin , Vladimir Goradzhanov , Mariia Demianenko , Ivan Kuzmun

The existence of $\gtrsim10^9M_\odot$ supermassive black holes (SMBHs) at redshift $z>6$ raises the problem of how such SMBHs can grow up within the cosmic time ($<1$\,Gyr) from small seed BHs. In this letter, we use the observations of…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-11-18 Xiaoxia Zhang , Youjun Lu , Taotao Fang

Supermassive black hole (SMBH) binary systems are unavoidable outcomes of galaxy mergers. Their dynamics encode information about their formation and growth, the composition of their host galactic nuclei, the evolution of galaxies, and the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-02-17 Hanxi Wang , Miguel Zumalacárregui , Bence Kocsis

Massive black holes (BHs) inhabit local galaxies, including the Milky Way and some dwarf galaxies. BH formation, occurring at early cosmic times, must account for the properties of BHs in today's galaxies, notably why some galaxies host a…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-07-28 Melanie Habouzit , Marta Volonteri , Yohan Dubois

This is the second in a series of papers reporting on a large reverberation mapping (RM) campaign to measure black hole (BH) mass in high accretion rate active galactic nuclei (AGNs). The goal is to identify super-Eddington accreting…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-22 Jian-Min Wang , Pu Du , Chen Hu , Hagai Netzer , Jin-Ming Bai , Kai-Xing Lu , Shai Kaspi , Jie Qiu , Yan-Rong Li , Fang Wang

We present a sample of accreting supermassive black holes (SMBHs) in dwarf galaxies at $z<1$. We identify dwarf galaxies in the NEWFIRM Medium Band Survey with stellar masses $M_{\star}<3\times 10^{9} M_{\odot}$ that have spectroscopic…

We have studied the nuclear activity in a sample of six quiescent early-type galaxies, with new Chandra data and archival HST optical images. Their nuclear sources have X-ray luminosities ~ 10^{38} - 10^{39} erg/s (L_X/L_Edd ~ 10^{-8} -…

Intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs) with masses below ($2 \times 10^5 M_{\odot}$) are pivotal in understanding the origin and growth mechanisms of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) in galactic nuclei. This study focuses on the search and…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-10-03 V. Goradzhanov , I. Chilingarian , M. Demianenko , I. Katkov , K. Grishin , V. Toptun , E. Rubtsov , D. Gasymov , I. Kuzmin

Direct electromagnetic observation of the orbital motion of a sub-parsec, supermassive black hole binary (SMBHB) would provide the first conclusive proof of such systems existing. Widely considered to be the sources of gravitational waves,…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-13 B. Hudson , L. I. Gurvits , E. Mooij , A. Ricarte , D. Palumbo

Most supermassive black holes (SMBHs) are accreting at very low levels and are difficult to distinguish from the galaxy centers where they reside. Our own Galaxy's SMBH provides a uniquely instructive exception, and we present a close-up…

We assess models for the assembly of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) at the center of galaxies that trace their hierarchical build-up far up in the dark halo `merger tree'. We assume that the first `seed' black holes (BHs) formed in…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Marta Volonteri , Francesco Haardt , Piero Madau

We carry out a comprehensive Bayesian correlation analysis between hot halos and direct masses of supermassive black holes (SMBHs), by retrieving the X-ray plasma properties (temperature, luminosity, density, pressure, masses) over galactic…

We present an implementation of Pop III.1 seeding of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) in a theoretical model of galaxy formation and evolution to assess the growth the SMBH population and the properties of the host galaxies. The model of…