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In Internet of Things (IoT) systems with security demands, there is often a need to distribute sensitive information (such as encryption keys, digital signatures, or login credentials, etc.) among the devices, so that it can be retrieved…
Ultra-narrowband (UNB) communications is an emerging paradigm that tackles two challenges to realizing massive Internet-of-things (IoT) connectivity over the unlicensed spectrum: the intra-network sharing, i.e., how the spectrum is shared…
The advent of Bitcoin, and consequently Blockchain, has ushered in a new era of decentralization. Blockchain enables mutually distrusting entities to work collaboratively to attain a common objective. However, current Blockchain…
In recent years, the interest growth in the Blockchains (BC) and Internet-of-Things (IoT) integration -- termed as BIoT -- for more trust via decentralization has led to great potentials in various use cases such as health care, supply…
The Internet of Things helps to have every individual interconnected with their surroundings and to interact with them through smart devices. In recent years, Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) technology has become very popular in smart…
Industrial Internet-of-Things (IIoT) is a powerful IoT application which remodels the growth of industries by ensuring transparent communication among various entities such as hubs, manufacturing places and packaging units. Introducing data…
Blockchain technology offers decentralization and security but struggles with scalability, particularly in enterprise settings where efficiency and controlled access are paramount. Sharding is a promising solution for private blockchains,…
The successful deployment of the Internet of Things (IoT) applications relies heavily on their robust security, and lightweight cryptography is considered an emerging solution in this context. While existing surveys have been examining…
The development of underlying technologies in blockchain mostly revolves around a difficult problem: how to enhance the performance of the system and reduce various costs of nodes (such as communication, storage and verification) without…
Securing the traceability of products in the supply chain is an urgent issue. Recently, supply chain systems that use public blockchain (PBC) have been proposed. In these systems, PBC is used as a common database shared between supply chain…
Stealth address prevents public association of a blockchain transaction's output with a recipient's wallet address and hides the actual destination address of a transaction. While stealth address provides an effective privacy-enhancing…
The concept of Industry 4.0 is a newly emerging focus of research throughout the world. However, it has lots of challenges to control data, and it can be addressed with various technologies like Internet of Things (IoT), Big Data,…
Blockchain (BC), the technology behind the Bitcoin crypto-currency system, is considered to be both alluring and critical for ensuring enhanced security and (in some implementations, non-traceable) privacy for diverse applications in many…
With the advent of the Internet-of-Things (IoT), handling large volumes of time-series data has become a growing concern. Data, generated from millions of Internet-connected sensors, will drive new IoT applications and services. A key…
The Internet of Things (IoT) is giving a boost to a plethora of new opportunities for the robust and sustainable deployment of cyber physical systems. The cornerstone of any IoT system is the sensing devices. These sensing devices have…
Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) has become the primary transmission media due to its extremely low energy consumption, good network scope, and data transfer speed for the Internet of Things (IoT) and smart wearable devices. With the exponential…
The centralized PKI is not a suitable solution to provide identities in large-scale IoT systems. The main problem is the high cost of managing X.509 certificates throughout their lifecycle, from installation to regular updates and…
As technology becomes more widely available, millions of users worldwide have installed some form of smart device in their homes or workplaces. These devices are often off-the-shelf commodity systems, such as Google Home or Samsung…
Internet of Things (IoT) consists of a large number of devices connected through a network, which exchange a high volume of data, thereby posing new security, privacy, and trust issues. One way to address these issues is ensuring data…
Many blockchain consensus protocols have been proposed recently to scale the throughput of a blockchain with available bandwidth. However, these protocols are becoming increasingly complex, making it more and more difficult to produce…