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Disentangling the mechanistic details of a chemical reaction pathway is a hard problem that often requires a considerable amount of chemical intuition and a component of luck. Experiments struggle in observing short-life metastable…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2019-08-01 Valerio Rizzi , Dan Mendels , Emilia Sicilia , Michele Parrinello

Rapid advances in high-throughput technologies have led to considerable interest in analyzing genome-scale data in the context of biological pathways, with the goal of identifying functional systems that are involved in a given phenotype.…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2015-06-01 Rosemary Braun , Sahil Shah

Many real-world networks are so large that we must simplify their structure before we can extract useful information about the systems they represent. As the tools for doing these simplifications proliferate within the network literature,…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-05-13 M. Rosvall , D. Axelsson , C. T. Bergstrom

Simulating chemical reaction networks is often computationally demanding, in particular due to stiffness. We propose a novel simulation scheme where long runs are not simulated as a whole but assembled from shorter precomputed segments of…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Martin Helfrich , Milan Češka , Jan Křetínský , Štefan Martiček

We analyse the performance of simple distributed colouring algorithms under the assumption that the input graph is a hyperbolic random graph (HRG), a generative model capturing key properties of real-world networks such as power-law degree…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Yannic Maus , Janosch Ruff

In this short note we review deterministic simulation of biochemical pathways, i.e. networks of biochemical reactions obeying the law of mass action. It is meant as a basis for the MATLAB code, written by the author, which permits easy…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2012-08-22 Andrea Cangiani

Neural networks efficiently encode learned information within their parameters. Consequently, many tasks can be unified by treating neural networks themselves as input data. When doing so, recent studies demonstrated the importance of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-02 Derek Lim , Haggai Maron , Marc T. Law , Jonathan Lorraine , James Lucas

Modular verification is a technique used to face the state explosion problem often encountered in the verification of properties of complex systems such as concurrent interactive systems. The modular approach is based on the observation…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2012-11-20 Peter Drábik , Andrea Maggiolo-Schettini , Paolo Milazzo

The intricate relations between elements in natural and human-made systems sustain the complex processes that shape our world, forming multiscale networks of interactions. These networks can be represented as graphs composed of nodes…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2026-03-20 M. Ángeles Serrano

The adoption of detailed mechanisms for chemical kinetics often poses two types of severe challenges: First, the number of degrees of freedom is large; and second, the dynamics is characterized by widely disparate time scales. As a result,…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2025-10-01 Eliodoro Chiavazzo , C. William Gear , Carmeline J. Dsilva , Neta Rabin , Ioannis G. Kevrekidis

We lay the foundation of a circuit theory for chemical reaction networks. Chemical reactions are grouped into chemical modules solely characterized by their current-concentration characteristic, as electrical devices by their…

Molecular Networks · Quantitative Biology 2023-07-27 Francesco Avanzini , Nahuel Freitas , Massimiliano Esposito

Pathway idea is a switching mechanism by which one can go from one functional form to another, and to yet another. It is shown that through a parameter $\alpha$, called the pathway parameter, one can connect generalized type-1 beta family…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2013-07-31 Nicy Sebastian , Dhannya P. Joseph , Seema S. Nair

We investigate the dynamics of chemical reaction networks (CRNs) with the goal of deriving an upper bound on their reaction rates. This task is challenging due to the nonlinear nature and discrete structure inherent in CRNs. To address…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2023-09-20 Tsuyoshi Mizohata , Tetsuya J. Kobayashi , Louis-S. Bouchard , Hideyuki Miyahara

We explore the hyperparameters and introduce a methodological framework to convert disease patterns from time series data of blood test results into correlation graphs for causal hypothesis exploration. The networks represent hypotheses…

Other Quantitative Biology · Quantitative Biology 2025-12-29 David Patrick Duys Montealegre , Alexander Fulton , Mahta Haghighat Ghahfarokhi , Abicumaran Uthamacumaran , Hector Zenil

Network motifs are recurrent, small-scale patterns of interactions observed frequently in a system. They shed light on the interplay between the topology and the dynamics of complex networks across various domains. In this work, we focus on…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2023-11-08 Quintino Francesco Lotito , Federico Musciotto , Federico Battiston , Alberto Montresor

We demonstrate that graph-based models are fully capable of representing higher-order interactions, and have a long history of being used for precisely this purpose. This stands in contrast to a common claim in the recent literature on…

Physics and Society · Physics 2026-02-20 Tiago P. Peixoto , Leto Peel , Thilo Gross , Manlio De Domenico

Hypergraphs offer an explicit formalism to describe multibody interactions in complex systems. To connect dynamics and function in systems with these higher-order interactions, network scientists have generalised random-walk models to…

Physics and Society · Physics 2022-06-02 Anton Eriksson , Daniel Edler , Alexis Rojas , Martin Rosvall

Hyperbolic geometry has emerged as an effective latent space for representing complex networks, owing to its ability to capture hierarchical organization and heterogeneous connectivity patterns using low-dimensional embeddings. As a result,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Sofía Pérez Casulo , Marcelo Fiori , Bernardo Marenco , Federico Larroca

We argue that Transformers are essentially graph-to-graph models, with sequences just being a special case. Attention weights are functionally equivalent to graph edges. Our Graph-to-Graph Transformer architecture makes this ability…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-30 James Henderson , Alireza Mohammadshahi , Andrei C. Coman , Lesly Miculicich

We show that deep learning models, and especially architectures like the Transformer, originally intended for natural language, can be trained on randomly generated datasets to predict to very high accuracy both the qualitative and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-08 François Charton , Amaury Hayat , Sean T. McQuade , Nathaniel J. Merrill , Benedetto Piccoli