Related papers: Unbiased All-Optical Random-Number Generator
Dynamic and non-linear systems are emerging as potential candidates for random bit generation. In this context, chaotic systems, which are both dynamic and stochastic, are particularly suitable. This paper introduces a new continuous…
The $\beta$-encoder is an analog circuit that converts an input signal $x \in [0,1]$ into a finite bit stream $\{b_i\}$. The bits $\{b_i\}$ are correlated and therefore are not immediately suitable for random number generation, but they can…
Random numbers are a valuable commodity in gaming and gambling, simulation, conventional and quantum cryptography, and in non-conventional computing schemes such as stochastic computing. We propose to generate a random bit using a position…
The prototype of a quantum random number generator is a single photon which impinges onto a beam splitter and is then detected by single photon detectors at one of the two output paths. Prior to detection, the photon is in a quantum…
For globally connected devices like smart phones, personal computers and Internet-of-things devices, the ability to generate random numbers is essential for execution of cryptographic protocols responsible for information security.…
Multi-party random number generation is a key building-block in many practical protocols. While straightforward to solve when all parties are trusted to behave correctly, the problem becomes much more difficult in the presence of faults. In…
Inverse probability problems whose generative models are given by strictly nonlinear Gaussian random fields show the all-or-nothing behavior: There exists a critical rate at which Bayesian inference exhibits a phase transition. Below this…
Quantum random number generators (QRNGs) produce random numbers based on the intrinsic probabilistic nature of quantum mechanics, making them true random number generators (TRNGs). In this paper, we design and fabricate an embedded QRNG…
We present a practical high-speed quantum random number generator, where the timing of single-photon detection relative to an external time reference is measured as the raw data. The bias of the raw data can be substantially reduced…
How to generate provably true randomness with minimal assumptions? This question is important not only for the efficiency and the security of information processing, but also for understanding how extremely unpredictable events are possible…
Randomness extraction is indispensable for quantum random number generators, serving to eliminate bias and potential information leakage from raw measurement data. Conventional extractors operate in a block-wise fashion, requiring the…
Security proofs of quantum key distribution (QKD) systems usually assume that the users have access to source of perfect randomness. State-of-the-art QKD systems run at frequencies in the GHz range, requiring a sustained GHz rate of…
A long sequence of tosses of a classical coin produces an apparently random bit string, but classical randomness is an illusion: the algorithmic information content of a classically-generated bit string lies almost entirely in the…
Low-energy random number generation is critical for many emerging computing schemes proposed to complement or replace von Neumann architectures. However, current random number generators are always associated with an energy cost that is…
Security in different applications is closely related to the goodness of the sequences generated for such purposes. Not only in Cryptography but also in other areas, it is necessary to obtain long sequences of random numbers or that, at…
A quantum random number generator (QRNG) based on gated single photon detection of an InGaAs photodiode at GHz frequency is demonstrated. Owing to the extremely long coherence time of each photon, each photons' wavefuntion extends over many…
We design a controlled-phase gate for linear optical quantum computing by using photodetectors that cannot resolve photon number. An intrinsic error-correction circuit corrects errors introduced by the detectors. Our controlled-phase gate…
Random number generators (RNG) are an important resource in many areas: cryptography (both quantum and classical), probabilistic computation (Monte Carlo methods), numerical simulations, industrial testing and labeling, hazard games,…
Many emerging alternative models of computation require massive numbers of random bits, but their generation at low energy is currently a challenge. The superparamagnetic tunnel junction, a spintronic device based on the same technology as…
Quantum random number generators (QRNGs) harness the inherent unpredictability of quantum mechanics to produce true randomness. Yet, in many optical implementations, the light source remains a potential vulnerability - susceptible to…