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In this paper, we study rigidity aspects of Penrose's singularity theorem. Specifically, we aim to answer the following question: if a spacetime satisfies the hypotheses of Penrose's singularity theorem except with weakly trapped surfaces…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-01-23 Gregory J. Galloway , Eric Ling

We prove explicit upper and lower bounds for the torsional rigidity of extrinsic domains of submanifolds P^m with controlled radial mean curvature in ambient Riemannian manifolds N^n with a pole p and with sectional curvatures bounded from…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2008-06-18 A. Hurtado , S. Markvorsen , V. Palmer

We prove two "Singularity removal rigidity theorems" for minimal hypersurfaces with isolated singularities in manifolds of nonnegative scalar curvature (Theorems \ref{thm: rigidity for minimal surface} and \ref{thm: georch free of…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2026-03-02 Shihang He , Yuguang Shi , Haobin Yu

A marginally outer trapped hypersurface is a generalization of minimal hypersurfaces originated from general relativity. We show a curvature estimate for stable marginally outer trapped hypersurfaces up to the free boundary satisfying a…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2023-01-23 Xiaoxiang Chai

A popular approach in numerical simulations of black hole binaries is to model black holes as punctures in the fabric of spacetime. The location and the properties of the black hole punctures are tracked with apparent horizons, namely…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-08-26 Christopher Evans , Deborah Ferguson , Bhavesh Khamesra , Pablo Laguna , Deirdre Shoemaker

Our work proves rigidity theorems for initial data sets associated with compact smooth spin manifolds with boundary and with compact convex polytopes, subject to the dominant energy condition. For manifolds with smooth boundary, this is…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2025-11-11 Christian Baer , Simon Brendle , Tsz-Kiu Aaron Chow , Bernhard Hanke

We study the evolution of horizons of black holes in the $1+1+2$ covariant setting and investigate various properties intrinsic to the geometry of the foliation surfaces of these horizons. This is done by interpreting formulations of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-10-16 Abbas Sherif , Rituparno Goswami , Sunil Maharaj

Closed sections of totally geodesic null hypersurfaces are marginally outer trapped surfaces (MOTS), for which a well-defined notion of stability exists. In this paper we obtain the explicit form for the stability operator for such MOTS and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-05 Marc Mars

In this note we prove a theorem on non-vacuum initial data for general relativity. The result presents a ``rigidity phenomenon'' for the extrinsic curvature, caused by the non-positive scalar curvature. More precisely, we state that in the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-08-31 Gabor Etesi

For a Riemannian manifold $(M,g)$ with strictly convex boundary $\partial M$, the lens data consists in the set of lengths of geodesics $\gamma$ with endpoints on $\partial M$, together with their endpoints $(x_-,x_+)\in \partial M\times…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2015-12-22 Colin Guillarmou

In a recent work of Brendle-Hirsch-Johne, a notion of intermediate curvature was introduced to extend the classical non-existence theorem of positive scalar curvature on torus to product manifolds. In this work, we study the rigidity when…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2022-08-26 Jianchun Chu , Kwok-Kun Kwong , Man-Chun Lee

We consider the application of stable marginally outer trapped surfaces to problems concerning the size of material bodies and the area of black holes. The results presented extend to general initial data sets (V,g,K) previous results…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Gregory J. Galloway , Niall O'Murchadha

We establish new results and introduce new methods in the theory of measurable orbit equivalence, using bounded cohomology of group representations. Our rigidity statements hold for a wide (uncountable) class of groups arising from negative…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Nicolas Monod , Yehuda Shalom

In this paper we generalize the main result of [4] for manifolds that are not necessarily Einstein. In fact, we obtain an upper bound for the volume of a locally volume-minimizing closed hypersurface $\Sigma$ of a Riemannian 5-manifold $M$…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2019-10-09 Abraão Mendes

We present a rigorous proof of the Spacetime Penrose Inequality relating the ADM mass to the area of trapped surfaces in asymptotically flat initial data sets satisfying the dominant energy condition. The main theorem establishes that the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-01-01 Da Xu

We prove there exists a compact embedded minimal surface in a complete finite volume hyperbolic $3$-manifold $\mathcal{N}$. We also obtain a least area, incompressible, properly embedded, finite topology, $2$-sided surface. We prove a…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2014-06-26 Pascal Collin , Laurent Hauswirth , Laurent Mazet , Harold Rosenberg

As part of a programme to classify quasi-Einstein metrics $(M,g,X)$ on closed manifolds and near-horizon geometries of extreme black holes, we study such spaces when the vector field $X$ is divergence-free but not identically zero. This…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2023-07-04 Eric Bahuaud , Sharmila Gunasekaran , Hari K Kunduri , Eric Woolgar

We solve Einstein vacuum equations in a spacetime region up to the "center" of gravitational collapse. Within this region, we construct a sequence of marginally outer trapped surfaces (MOTS) with areas going to zero. These MOTS form a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-10-26 Xinliang An

We study the open and closed axisymmetric marginally outer trapped surfaces contained in leaves of constant Painlev\'e-Gullstrand time for Schwarzschild spacetimes. We identify a family of closed MOTS in the black hole interior…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-09-11 Ivan Booth , Robie Hennigar , Saikat Mondal

We study the rigidity of compact submanifolds of Riemannian manifolds of arbitrary codimension that satisfy a sharp pinching condition involving the norm of the second fundamental form and the mean curvature. Without assuming that the…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2026-03-25 Theodoros Vlachos