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Quantum lithography (QL) has been suggested as a means of achieving enhanced spatial resolution for optical imaging, but its realization has been held back by the low multi-photon detection rates of recording materials. Recently, an optical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-28 Heedeuk Shin , Kam Wai Clifford Chan , Hye Jeong Chang , Robert W. Boyd

The classical bound on image resolution defined by the Rayleigh limit can be beaten by exploiting the properties of quantum mechanical entanglement. If entangled photons are used as signal states, the best possible resolution is instead…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 G. Gilbert , M. Hamrick , Y. S. Weinstein , S. P. Pappas , A. Donadio

Optical imaging methods are typically restricted to a resolution of order of the probing light wavelength $\lambda_p$ by the Rayleigh diffraction limit. This limit can be circumvented by making use of multiphoton detection of correlated…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-01-06 Qurrat-ul-Ain Gulfam , Jörg Evers

No imaging apparatus can produce perfect images: spatial resolution is limited by the Rayleigh diffraction bound that is a consequence of the imager's finite spatial extent. We show some N-photon strategies that permit resolution of details…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-02-25 Vittorio Giovannetti , Seth Lloyd , Lorenzo Maccone , Jeffrey H. Shapiro

Quantum imaging can beat classical resolution limits, imposed by diffraction of light. In particular, it is known that one can reduce the image blurring and increase the achievable resolution by illuminating an object by entangled light and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-10-19 A. Mikhalychev , P. Novik , I. Karuseichyk , D. A. Lyakhov , D. L. Michels , D. Mogilevtsev

Classical imaging works by scattering photons from an object to be imaged, and achieves resolution scaling as $1/\sqrt{t}$, with $t$ the imaging time. By contrast, the laws of quantum mechanics allow one to utilize quantum coherence to…

Conventional wisdom dictates that to image the position of fluorescent atoms or molecules, one should stimulate as much emission and collect as many photons as possible. That is, in this classical case, it has always been assumed that the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-03-18 Guang Hao Low , Theodore J. Yoder , Isaac L. Chuang

Entangled biphoton sources exhibit nonclassical characteristics and have been applied to imaging techniques such as ghost imaging, quantum holography, and quantum optical coherence tomography. The development of wide-field quantum imaging…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-11 Zhe He , Yide Zhang , Xin Tong , Lei Li , Lihong V. Wang

The principles of quantum optics have yielded a plethora of ideas to surpass the classical limitations of sensitivity and resolution in optical microscopy. While some ideas have been applied in proof-of-principle experiments, imaging a…

For more than a century, the diffraction limit has defined the resolution achievable by passive optical imaging systems. Although some resolution improvement can be gained through classical data processing of the image, it is limited by the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-12 A. I. Lvovsky , Michael R. Grace , Saikat Guha , Mankei Tsang , Gerardo Adesso , Nicolas Treps

Quantum sensing exploits quantum phenomena to enhance the detection and estimation of classical parameters of physical systems and biological entities, particularly so as to overcome the inefficiencies of its classical counterparts. A…

Quantum imaging with undetected photons is a recently introduced technique that goes significantly beyond what was previously possible. In this technique, images are formed without detecting the light that interacted with the object that is…

We discuss advantages of using non-classical states of light for two aspects of optical imaging: creating of miniature images on photosensitive substrates, which constitutes the foundation for optical lithography, and imaging of micro…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 Dmitry Strekalov , Jonathan Dowling

Entangled photons have the remarkable ability to be more sensitive to signal and less sensitive to noise than classical light. Joint photons can sample an object collectively, resulting in faster phase accumulation and higher spatial…

Optics · Physics 2015-09-04 Chien-Hung Lu , Matthew Reichert , Xiaohang Sun , Jason W. Fleischer

Quantum imaging is an advanced method for microscopy or investigating the optical properties of materials or bio-medical inspections with high accuracy, low noise, and extremely low photo-damage. In previous work, we proposed a quantum…

Optics · Physics 2025-05-09 Mousume Samad , Maki Shimizu , Yasuto Hijikata

Existing super-resolution methods of optical imaging hold a solid place as an application in natural sciences, but many new developments allow for beating the diffraction limit in a more subtle way. One of the recently explored strategies…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-02-08 Mateusz Mazelanik , Adam Leszczyński , Michał Parniak

Quantum target detection is an emerging application that utilizes entanglement to enhance the sensing of the presence of an object. Although several experimental demonstrations for certain situations have been reported recently, the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-07-27 Feixiang Xu , Xiao-Ming Zhang , Liang Xu , Tao Jiang , Man-Hong Yung , Lijian Zhang

The working principles of linear optical quantum computing are based on photodetection, namely, projective measurements. The use of photodetection can provide efficient nonlinear interactions between photons at the single-photon level,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-04-09 Hwang Lee , Pieter Kok , Colin P. Williams , Jonathan P. Dowling

Quantum imaging is an ever expanding research field, in which the aim is to exploit the quantum nature of light to enhance image reconstruction capabilities. Despite a number of successful demonstrations for quantum imaging, quantum…

The optical diffraction limit, formulated by Abbe 140 years ago, imposes a bound on imaging resolution in classical optics. Over the last twenty years, many theoretical schemes have been presented for overcoming the diffraction barrier in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-07-12 O. Schwartz , J. M. Levitt , R. Tenne , S. Itzhakov , Z. Deutsch , D. Oron
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