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Let $\mathcal{T}_{\frac{k}{r}}$ denote the set of trees $T$ such that $i(T-S)\leq\frac{k}{r}|S|$ for any $S\subset V(T)$ and for any $e\in E(T)$ there exists a set $S^{*}\subset V(T)$ with $i((T-e)-S^{*})>\frac{k}{r}|S^{*}|$, where $r<k$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-04-10 Jie Wu

A perfect matching in a graph $G$ is a set of nonadjacent edges covering every vertex of $G$. Motivated by recent progress on the relations between the eigenvalues and the matching number of a graph, in this paper, we aim to present a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-01-13 Yuke Zhang , Huiqiu Lin

We present a novel theoretical framework connecting k-component edge connectivity with spectral graph theory and homology theory to pro vide new insights into the resilience of real-world networks. By extending classical edge connectivity…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-09-10 Joshua Steier

An st-path is a path with the end-vertices s and t. An s-path is a path with an end-vertex s. The results of this paper include necessary and sufficient conditions for a {claw, net}-free graph G with given two different vertices s, t and an…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Alexander Kelmans

Let s<t be two fixed positive integers. We study what are the minimum degree conditions for a bipartite graph G, with both color classes of size n=k(s+t), which ensure that G has a K_{s,t}-factor. Exact result for large n is given. Our…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-07-31 Jan Hladky , Mathias Schacht

We analyze spectrum of Laplacian supported by a periodic honeycomb lattice with generally unequal edge lengths and a $\delta$ type coupling in the vertices. Such a quantum graph has nonempty point spectrum with compactly supported…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2019-12-10 Pavel Exner , Ondrej Turek

Laplacian operators on finite compact metric graphs are considered under the assumption that matching conditions at graph vertices are of $\delta$ and $\delta'$ types. An infinite series of trace formulae is obtained which link together two…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2014-11-06 Yulia Ershova , Irina I. Karpenko , Alexander V. Kiselev

We give the first specific conjectures on how frequently graphs satisfy sufficient conditions for being uniquely characterized by spectral information. These conjectures arise from a theoretical framework that we developed based on…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-03-31 Nikita Lvov , Alexander Van Werde

The prism over a graph $G$ is the Cartesian product of $G$ with the complete graph on two vertices. A graph $G$ is prism-hamiltonian if the prism over $G$ is hamiltonian. We prove that every polyhedral graph (i.e. 3-connected planar graph)…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-04-12 Simon Špacapan

A pancyclic graph is a graph that contains cycles of all possible lengths from three up to the number of vertices in the graph. In this paper, we establish some new sufficient conditions for a graph to be pancyclic in terms of the edge…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-09-27 Guidong Yu , Tao Yu , Axiu Shu , Xiangwei Xia

In this paper, we examine covering graphs that are obtained from the $d$-dimensional integer lattice by adding pendant edges. In the case of $d=1$, we show that the Laplacian on the graph has a spectral gap and establish a necessary and…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2013-04-17 Aktito Suzuki

For a connected graph $G$, a spanning tree $T$ of $G$ is called a homeomorphically irreducible spanning tree (HIST) if $T$ has no vertices of degree 2. Albertson {\em et al.} proved that it is $NP$-complete to decide whether a graph…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-09-03 Bingqian Gao , Huiqing Liu , Jing Zhao

Let $\mathcal{D}_{n,\tau}$ be the set of all simple connected graphs of order $n$ and dissociation number $\tau.$ In this paper, we study the minimum size and the minimum spectral radius of graphs in $\mathcal{D}_{n,\tau}$ in connection…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-10-31 Dheer Noal Desai , Vishal Gupta

Let $\alpha\in[0,1)$, and let $G$ be a graph of even order $n$ with $n\geq f(\alpha)$, where $f(\alpha)=10$ for $0\leq \alpha\leq1/2$, $f(\alpha)=14$ for $1/2<\alpha\leq 2/3$ and $f(\alpha)=5/(1-\alpha)$ for $2/3<\alpha<1$. In this paper,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-04-12 Yanhua Zhao , Xueyi Huang , Zhiwen Wang

For a graph $H$, a graph $G$ is $H$-saturated if $G$ does not contain $H$ as a subgraph but for any $e \in E(\overline{G})$, $G+e$ contains $H$. In this note, we prove a sharp lower bound for the number of paths and walks on length $2$ in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-06-09 Jaehoon Kim , Seog-Jin Kim , Alexandr V. Kostochka , Suil O

Density matrices of graphs are combinatorial laplacians normalized to have trace one (Braunstein \emph{et al.} \emph{Phys. Rev. A,} \textbf{73}:1, 012320 (2006)). If the vertices of a graph are arranged as an array, then its density matrix…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2008-07-03 Roland Hildebrand , Stefano Mancini , Simone Severini

A graph $G$ contains a strong parity factor $F$ if for every subset $X\subseteq V(G)$ with $|X|$ even, $G$ has a spanning subgraph $F$ satisfying $\delta(F)\geq1$, $d_F(u)\equiv1$ (mod 2) for any $u\in X$, and $d_F(v)\equiv0$ (mod 2) for…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-10-10 Sizhong Zhou , Tao Zhang , Qiuxiang Bian

We study d-dimensional generalizations of three mutually related topics in graph theory: Hamiltonian paths, (unit) interval graphs, and binomial edge ideals. We provide partial high-dimensional generalizations of Ore and Posa's sufficient…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-04-13 Bruno Benedetti , Lisa Seccia , Matteo Varbaro

The cyclic edge-connectivity of a graph $G$ is the least $k$ such that there exists a set of $k$ edges whose removal disconnects $G$ into components where every component contains a cycle. We show that for graphs of minimum degree at least…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-04-07 Sinan G. Aksoy , Mark Kempton , Stephen J. Young

The $\{K_{1,1}, K_{1,2},C_m: m\geq3\}$-factor of a graph is a spanning subgraph whose each component is an element of $\{K_{1,1}, K_{1,2},C_m: m\geq3\}$. In this paper, through the graph spectral methods, we establish the lower bound of the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-02-04 Fengyun Ren , Shumin Zhang , Ke Wang
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