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A Chern--Simons system in $2+1$ dimensions invariant under local Lorentz rotations, $SU(2)$ gauge transformations, and local $\mathcal{N}=2$ supersymmetry transformations is proposed. The field content is that of $(2+1)$-gravity plus an…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-08-26 Pedro D. Alvarez , Pablo Pais , Eduardo Rodríguez , Patricio Salgado-Rebolledo , Jorge Zanelli

We identify an ambiguity in the Chern-Simons formulation of three-dimensional gravity with negative cosmological constant that originates in an outer automorphism of the Lie algebra sl(2,R). It has important consequences for the stability…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-06-30 Lior Benizri , Jan Troost

Non-linear partially massless (PM) gravity, if it exists, is a theory of massive gravity in which the graviton has four propagating degrees of freedom. In PM gravity, a scalar gauge symmetry removes one of the five modes of the massive…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2013-08-19 Claudia de Rham , Kurt Hinterbichler , Rachel A. Rosen , Andrew J. Tolley

The restriction of space-time dimensions to "2+1" leads us to a novel quantum field theory which has the Chern-Simons term in its action. This term changes the nature of gauge interaction by giving a so-called topological mass to a gauge…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 Toyoki Matsuyama , Hideko Nagahiro

We consider various models of three-dimensional gravity with torsion or nonmetricity (metric affine gravity), and show that they can be written as Chern-Simons theories with suitable gauge groups. Using the groups ISO(2,1), SL(2,C) or…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-11-11 Sergio L. Cacciatori , Marco M. Caldarelli , Alex Giacomini , Dietmar Klemm , Diego S. Mansi

The coupling of spin-3 gauge fields to three-dimensional Maxwell and $AdS$-Lorentz gravity theories is presented. After showing how the usual spin-3 extensions of the $AdS$ and the Poincar\'e algebras in three dimensions can be obtained as…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-07-19 Ricardo Caroca , Patrick Concha , Octavio Fierro , Evelyn Rodríguez , Patricio Salgado-Rebolledo

We show that three-dimensional General Relativity, augmented with two vector fields, allows for a non-relativistic limit, different from the standard limit leading to Newtonian gravity, that results into a well-defined action which is of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-06-29 Eric A. Bergshoeff , Jan Rosseel

We investigate the Chern-Simons-like formulation of exotic general massive gravity models within the framework of third-way to three-dimensional gravity. We classify our construction into two main approaches: one using torsional…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-12-03 Büşra Dedeoğlu , Mehmet Ozkan , Özgür Sarıoğlu

We consider a theory of gravity with a hidden extra-dimension and metric-dependent torsion. A set of physically motivated constraints are imposed on the geometry so that the torsion stays confined to the extra-dimension and the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-05-30 Karthik H. Shankar , Anand Balaraman , Kameshwar C. Wali

In this work we present a gauge-invariant three-dimensional teleparallel supergravity theory using the Chern-Simons formalism. The present construction is based on a supersymmetric extension of a particular deformation of the Poincar\'e…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-09-15 Ricardo Caroca , Patrick Concha , Diego Peñafiel , Evelyn Rodríguez

This thesis is dedicated to the study of theories of massive gravity. The formulation of higher spin gauge field theories, along with a Chern-Simons (CS) like term for fields of higher spins is presented. Through this setup, general…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-01-26 Lokesh Mishra

The complete non-linear three-dimensional Einstein gravity with gravitational Chern-Simons term and cosmological constant are studied in dreibein formulation. The constraints and their algebras are computed in an explicit form. From…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2014-11-18 Mu-in Park

The linearized equations of `New Massive Gravity' propagate a parity doublet of massive spin-2 modes in 3D Minkowski spacetime, but a different non-linear extension is made possible by `third-way' consistency. There is a `Chern-Simons-like'…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-10-01 Mehmet Özkan , Yi Pang , Paul K. Townsend

We analyze the effect of the Pauli-Fierz mass term on a recently established, new massive gravity theory in three space-time dimensions. We show that the Pauli-Fierz mass term makes the new massive gravity theory non-unitary. Moreover,…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-29 Masashi Nakasone , Ichiro Oda

We construct a covariant and gauge-invariant theory describing massive fractons in three spacetime dimensions, based on a symmetric rank-2 tensor field. The model includes a Chern-Simons-like term that plays a dual role: it generates a…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-10-28 Erica Bertolini , Matteo Carrega , Nicola Maggiore , Daniel Sacco Shaikh

In this work we analyze the asymptotic symmetries of the three-dimensional Chern-Simons (CS) gravity theory for a higher spin extension of the so-called Maxwell algebra. We propose a generalized set of asymptotic boundary conditions for the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-02-26 Patrick Concha , Javier Matulich , Daniel Pino , Evelyn Rodríguez

We analyze 2+1-dimensional gravity in the framework of quantum gauge theory. We find that Einstein gravity has a trivial physical subspace which reflects the fact that the classical solution in empty space is flat. Therefore we study…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-08-10 D. R. Grigore , G. Scharf

We present a consistent way of coupling three-dimensional Maxwell Chern-Simons gravity theory with massless spin-$\frac{5}{2}$ gauge fields. We first introduce the simplest hyper-Maxwell Chern-Simons gravity containing two massless spin-2…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-09-15 Ricardo Caroca , Patrick Concha , Javier Matulich , Evelyn Rodríguez , David Tempo

We construct a generalized massive gravity by combining quadratic curvature gravity with the Chern-Simons term in four dimensions. This may be a candidate for the parity-odd tricritical gravity theory. Considering the AdS$_4$ vacuum…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-06-05 Taeyoon Moon , Yun Soo Myung

The linearized massive gravity in three dimensions, over any maximally symmetric background, is known to be presented in a self-dual form as a first order equation which encodes not only the massive Klein-Gordon type field equation but also…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2013-08-02 Kevin Morand , Sergey N. Solodukhin