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Marginalising out uncertain quantities within the internal representations or parameters of neural networks is of central importance for a wide range of learning techniques, such as empirical, variational or full Bayesian methods. We set…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-07-21 Justin Bayer , Maximilian Karl , Daniela Korhammer , Patrick van der Smagt

We propose zoneout, a novel method for regularizing RNNs. At each timestep, zoneout stochastically forces some hidden units to maintain their previous values. Like dropout, zoneout uses random noise to train a pseudo-ensemble, improving…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2017-09-26 David Krueger , Tegan Maharaj , János Kramár , Mohammad Pezeshki , Nicolas Ballas , Nan Rosemary Ke , Anirudh Goyal , Yoshua Bengio , Aaron Courville , Chris Pal

Continual learning of deep neural networks is a key requirement for scaling them up to more complex applicative scenarios and for achieving real lifelong learning of these architectures. Previous approaches to the problem have considered…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-25 Jary Pomponi , Simone Scardapane , Vincenzo Lomonaco , Aurelio Uncini

The impressive success of modern deep neural networks on computer vision tasks has been achieved through models of very large capacity compared to the number of available training examples. This overparameterization is often said to be…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-07-13 Alex Hernández-García , Peter König

We consider the problem of designing models to leverage a recently introduced approximate model averaging technique called dropout. We define a simple new model called maxout (so named because its output is the max of a set of inputs, and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2013-09-23 Ian J. Goodfellow , David Warde-Farley , Mehdi Mirza , Aaron Courville , Yoshua Bengio

Dropout has been demonstrated as a simple and effective module to not only regularize the training process of deep neural networks, but also provide the uncertainty estimation for prediction. However, the quality of uncertainty estimation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-09 Xinjie Fan , Shujian Zhang , Korawat Tanwisuth , Xiaoning Qian , Mingyuan Zhou

Training deep neural networks is a very demanding task, especially challenging is how to adapt architectures to improve the performance of trained models. We can find that sometimes, shallow networks generalize better than deep networks,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-03 David Peer , Bart Keulen , Sebastian Stabinger , Justus Piater , Antonio Rodríguez-Sánchez

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are powerful tools for graph representation learning. Despite their rapid development, GNNs also face some challenges, such as over-fitting, over-smoothing, and non-robustness. Previous works indicate that these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-04 Taoran Fang , Zhiqing Xiao , Chunping Wang , Jiarong Xu , Xuan Yang , Yang Yang

This paper studies Dropout Graph Neural Networks (DropGNNs), a new approach that aims to overcome the limitations of standard GNN frameworks. In DropGNNs, we execute multiple runs of a GNN on the input graph, with some of the nodes randomly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-12 Pál András Papp , Karolis Martinkus , Lukas Faber , Roger Wattenhofer

We investigate the convergence and convergence rate of stochastic training algorithms for Neural Networks (NNs) that have been inspired by Dropout (Hinton et al., 2012). With the goal of avoiding overfitting during training of NNs, dropout…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-03-24 Albert Senen-Cerda , Jaron Sanders

In an attempt to solve the lengthy training times of neural networks, we proposed Parallel Circuits (PCs), a biologically inspired architecture. Previous work has shown that this approach fails to maintain generalization performance in…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2016-12-16 Kien Tuong Phan , Tomas Henrique Maul , Tuong Thuy Vu , Lai Weng Kin

In this work, we leverage advances in sparse coding techniques to reduce the number of trainable parameters in a fully connected neural network. While most of the works in literature impose $\ell_1$ regularization, DropOut or DropConnect…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-04 Arman Hasanzadeh , Nagaraj T. Janakiraman , Vamsi K. Amalladinne , Krishna R. Narayanan

Recently, dropout has seen increasing use in deep learning. For deep convolutional neural networks, dropout is known to work well in fully-connected layers. However, its effect in convolutional and pooling layers is still not clear. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-12-02 Haibing Wu , Xiaodong Gu

Recent success in Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) methods has shown that policy optimization with respect to an off-policy distribution via importance sampling is effective for sample reuse. In this paper, we show that the use of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-07 Zichuan Lin , Xiapeng Wu , Mingfei Sun , Deheng Ye , Qiang Fu , Wei Yang , Wei Liu

Background: Deep learning models are typically trained using stochastic gradient descent or one of its variants. These methods update the weights using their gradient, estimated from a small fraction of the training data. It has been…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-01-03 Elad Hoffer , Itay Hubara , Daniel Soudry

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are known vulnerable to adversarial attacks. That is, adversarial examples, obtained by adding delicately crafted distortions onto original legal inputs, can mislead a DNN to classify them as any target labels.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-09-17 Siyue Wang , Xiao Wang , Pu Zhao , Wujie Wen , David Kaeli , Peter Chin , Xue Lin

Training Deep Neural Networks is complicated by the fact that the distribution of each layer's inputs changes during training, as the parameters of the previous layers change. This slows down the training by requiring lower learning rates…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-03-03 Sergey Ioffe , Christian Szegedy

One major challenge in training Deep Neural Networks is preventing overfitting. Many techniques such as data augmentation and novel regularizers such as Dropout have been proposed to prevent overfitting without requiring a massive amount of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-06-13 Michael Cogswell , Faruk Ahmed , Ross Girshick , Larry Zitnick , Dhruv Batra

Nested dropout is a variant of dropout operation that is able to order network parameters or features based on the pre-defined importance during training. It has been explored for: I. Constructing nested nets: the nested nets are neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-20 Yufei Cui , Yu Mao , Ziquan Liu , Qiao Li , Antoni B. Chan , Xue Liu , Tei-Wei Kuo , Chun Jason Xue

We show how to adjust for the variance introduced by dropout with corrections to weight initialization and Batch Normalization, yielding higher accuracy. Though dropout can preserve the expected input to a neuron between train and test, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-03-27 Dan Hendrycks , Kevin Gimpel