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We present a fully three-dimensional model providing initial conditions for energy and net-baryon density distributions in heavy ion collisions at arbitrary collision energy. The model includes the dynamical deceleration of participating…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2018-02-21 Chun Shen , Björn Schenke

Description of relativistic heavy-ion collisions at the energies of RHIC Beam Energy Scan program with fluid dynamic approach poses several challenges, one of which being a complex geometry and a longer duration of the pre-hydrodynamic…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2021-04-26 Jakub Cimerman , Iurii Karpenko , Boris Tomášik , Barbara Antonina Trzeciak

We introduce a novel approach to study the longitudinal hydrodynamic expansion of the quark-gluon fluid created in heavy-ion collisions. It consists of two steps: First, we apply the maximum entropy method to reconstruct the freeze-out…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2014-04-24 Mikhail Stephanov , Yi Yin

We investigate the possibility of selecting heavy ion collision events with certain features in the initial state ("event engineering"). Anisotropic flow measurements in heavy ion reactions have confirmed the almost ideal fluid dynamical…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2013-11-13 Hannah Petersen , Berndt Muller

In this paper we apply hydrodynamics for systems with continuous broken symmetries to heavy ion collisions in the framework of (1+1) dimensional Bjorken model. The temperature profile with respect to proper time determined in that context…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-11-07 Y. Lallouet , D. Davesne , C. Pujol

A key ingredient of hydrodynamical modeling of relativistic heavy ion collisions is thermal initial conditions, an input that is the consequence of a pre-thermal dynamics which is not completely understood yet. In the paper we employ a…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2015-01-22 V. Yu. Naboka , S. V. Akkelin , Iu. A. Karpenko , Yu. M. Sinyukov

We present a systematic study of the effects due to initial condition fluctuations in systems formed by heavy-ion collisions using the hydrodynamical simulation code NeXSPheRIO. The study was based on a sample of events generated simulating…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2012-06-04 Rafael Derradi de Souza , Jun Takahashi , Takeshi Kodama , Paul Sorensen

We present a fully three-dimensional initial state model for relativistic heavy-ion collisions at RHIC Beam Energy Scan (BES) collision energies. The initial energy and net baryon density profiles are produced based on a classical string…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2017-11-30 Chun Shen , Björn Schenke

Hydrodynamic approaches to modeling relativistic high-energy heavy-ion collisions are based on the conservation of energy and momentum. However, the medium formed in these collisions also carries additional conserved quantities, including…

We present a fully three-dimensional model providing initial conditions for energy and conserved charge density distributions in heavy ion collisions at RHIC Beam Energy Scan (BES) collision energies. The model includes the dynamical…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2019-02-20 Chun Shen , Björn Schenke

The onset of hydrodynamics in the hot medium created in relativistic heavy-ion collisions is a crucial theoretical question. A first-principle simulation requires a real-time, non-perturbative calculation of the quantum system. In this…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-09-16 Haiyang Shao , Shile Chen , Shuzhe Shi

In this article, we briefly review recent progress on hydrodynamic modeling and its implementations to relativistic heavy-ion collisions at RHIC and the LHC. The related topics include: 1) initial state fluctuations, final state…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2014-01-03 Huichao Song

We investigate the correlation between various aspects of the initial geometry of heavy ion collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider energies and the final anisotropic flow, using v-USPhydro, a 2+1 event-by-event viscous…

A 1+1 dimensional hydrodynamical model in the light-cone coordinates is used to describe central heavy-ion collisions at ultrarelativistic bombarding energies. Deviations from Bjorken's scaling are taken into account by choosing finite-size…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2008-11-26 L. M. Satarov , I. N. Mishustin , A. V. Merdeev , H. Stoecker

Collective spin phenomena in the final states of heavy-ion collisions are typically understood to originate from vorticity and shear in the quark-gluon plasma. Here, we ask whether spin could already be present in the initial condition of…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2025-10-01 Giuliano Giacalone , Enrico Speranza

We briefly review advances in understanding the initial stages of a heavy ion collision. In particular the focus is on moving from parametrizing the initial state to calculating its properties from QCD, consistently with the description of…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-09-16 T. Lappi

Four models for the initial conditions of a fluid dynamic description of high energy heavy ion collisions are analysed and compared. We study expectation values and event-by-event fluctuations in the initial transverse energy density…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2020-12-01 Stefan Floerchinger , Eduardo Grossi , Kianusch Vahid Yousefnia

A new method to quantify fluctuations in the initial state of heavy ion collisions is presented. The initial state energy distribution is decomposed with a set of orthogonal basis functions which include both angular and radial variation.…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2013-07-24 Christopher E Coleman-Smith , Hannah Petersen , Robert L Wolpert

We propose a new class of charge-conjugation-odd flow observables and use them to investigate the dynamics of conserved currents in simulations of relativistic heavy-ion collisions. Inspired by the success of the initial energy and momentum…

A relativistic 3-fluid 3D hydrodynamic model has been developed for describing heavy-ion collisions at incident energies between few and $\sim$ 200 A$\cdot$GeV. In addition to two baryon-rich fluids which simulate mutually decelerating…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 V. D. Toneev , Yu. B. Ivanov , E. G. Nikonov , W. Noerenberg , V. N. Russkikh
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