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Stellar flares are a frequent occurrence on young low-mass stars around which many detected exoplanets orbit. Flares are energetic, impulsive events, and their impact on exoplanetary atmospheres needs to be taken into account when…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-12-13 J. M. Chadney , T. T. Koskinen , M. Galand , Y. C. Unruh , J. Sanz-Forcada

Asynchronous rotation and orbital eccentricity lead to time-dependent irradiation of the close-in gas giant exoplanets -- the hot Jupiters. This time-dependent surface heating gives rise to fluid motions which propagate throughout the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-20 Phil Arras , Aristotle Socrates

Gas giant planets are differentially rotating magnetic objects that have strong and complex interactions with their environment. In our Solar system, they interact with their numerous moons while exoplanets with very short orbital periods…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-10-03 Hachem Dhouib , Clément Baruteau , Stéphane Mathis , Florian Debras , Aurélie Astoul , Michel Rieutord

The atmospheres of hot Jupiters and other strongly-forced exoplanets are susceptible to a thermal instability in the presence of ohmic dissipation, weak magnetic drag and strong winds. The instability occurs in radiatively-dominated…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-05 Kristen Menou

Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) erupting from the host star are expected to have effects on the atmospheric erosion processes of the orbiting planets. For planets with a magnetosphere, the embedded magnetic field in the CMEs is thought to be…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-11-12 Gopal Hazra , Aline A. Vidotto , Stephen Carolan , Carolina Villarreal D'Angelo , Dúalta Ó Fionnagáin

The advent of high-resolution, near-infrared instruments such as VLT/SPHERE and Gemini/GPI has helped uncover a wealth of substructure in planet-forming disks, including large, prominent spiral arms in MWC 758, SAO 206462, and V1247 Ori…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-10-23 Dhruv Muley , Julio David Melon Fuksman , Hubert Klahr

We investigate the effect of planetary corotation on energy dissipation within the magnetosphere-ionosphere system of exoplanets. Using MHD simulations, we find that tidally locked exoplanets have a higher cross-polar cap potential (CPCP)…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-05-23 Fatemeh Bagheri , Alex Glocer , Ramon E. Lopez

Hot Jupiters are giant planets on orbits a few hundredths of an AU. They do not share their system with low-mass close-in planets, despite these latter being exceedingly common. Two migration channels for hot Jupiters have been proposed:…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-08-06 Alexander J. Mustill , Melvyn B. Davies , Anders Johansen

Recent studies have shown that large exomoons can form in the accretion disks around super-Jovian extrasolar planets. These planets are abundant at about 1 AU from Sun-like stars, which makes their putative moons interesting for studies of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-07-04 Jacob Haqq-Misra , René Heller

The hadronic jets in a micro-quasar stellar system are modelled with the relativistic hydrocode PLUTO. We focus on neutrino emission from such jets produced by fast proton (non-thermal) collisions on thermal ones within the hadronic jet. We…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-06-13 Theodoros Smponias , Odysseas Kosmas

Predicting the rate of escape and thermal structure of Pluto's upper atmosphere in preparation for the New Horizons Spacecraft encounter in 2015 is important for planning and interpreting the expected measurements. Having a moderate Jeans…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-12 Justin T. Erwin , O. J. Tucker , Robert E. Johnson

Context: Active stars possess magnetized wind that has a direct impact on planets that can lead to radio emission. Mercury is a good test case to study the effect of the solar wind and interplanetary magnetic field on radio emission driven…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-11-09 J. Varela , V. Reville , A. S. Brun , F. Pantellini , P. Zarka

The coupled interior-atmosphere system of terrestrial exoplanets remains poorly understood. Exoplanets show a wide variety of sizes, densities, surface temperatures, and interior structures, with important knock-on effects for this coupled…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-08-20 Maxim D. Ballmer , Lena Noack

Over the last few years instruments such as VLT/SPHERE and Subaru/HiCIAO have been able to take detailed scattered light images of protoplanetary discs. Many of the features observed in these discs are generally suspected to be caused by an…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-05-25 D. Kloster , M. Flock

Planetary systems with close-in giant planets can experience magnetic star-planet interactions that modify the activity levels of their host stars. The induced activity is known to strongly depend on the magnetic moment of the interacting…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-04-02 A. Castro-González , J. Lillo-Box , A. C. M. Correia , N. C. Santos , D. Barrado , M. Morales-Calderón , E. L. Shkolnik

Recent exoplanet statistics indicate that photo-evaporation has a great impact on the mass and bulk composition of close-in low-mass planets. While there are many studies addressing photo-evaporation of hydrogen-rich or water-rich…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-01-06 Yuichi Ito , Masahiro Ikoma

Ultrahot Jupiters are ideal candidates to explore with high-resolution emission spectra. Detailed theoretical studies are necessary to investigate the range of spectra we can expect to see from these objects throughout their orbit, because…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-09-20 Hayley Beltz , Emily Rauscher , Eliza M. -R Kempton , Isaac Malsky , Grace Ochs , Mireya Arora , Arjun Savel

We present simulations of a comet interacting with the solar wind. Such simulations are treated in the framework of the ideal, 2D magnetohydrodynamics (MHD), using the FLASH code in order to solve the equations of such a formalism. Besides,…

Ellerman bombs (EBs) with significant H$\alpha$ wing emissions and ultraviolet bursts (UV bursts) with strong Si IV emissions are two kinds of small transient brightening events that occur in the low solar atmosphere.We numerically…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-02-22 Guanchong Cheng , Lei Ni , Yajie Chen , Jun Lin

Stellar high-energy radiation (X-ray and extreme ultraviolet, XUV) drives atmospheric escape in close-in exoplanets. Given that stellar irradiation depends on the stellar magnetism and that stars have magnetic cycles, we investigate how…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-07-01 Gopal Hazra , Aline A. Vidotto , Carolina Villarreal D'Angelo