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The classical zero-one law for first-order logic on random graphs says that for any first-order sentence $\phi$ in the theory of graphs, as n approaches infinity, the probability that the random graph G(n, p) satisfies $\phi$ approaches…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2009-04-17 Phokion G. Kolaitis , Swastik Kopparty

For a sequence p=(p(1),p(2), ...) let G(n,p) denote the random graph with vertex set {1,2, ...,n} in which two vertices i, j are adjacent with probability p(|i-j|), independently for each pair. We study how the convergence of probabilities…

Logic · Mathematics 2016-09-06 Tomasz Łuczak , Saharon Shelah

In this paper, we prove the first-order convergence law for the uniform attachment random graph with almost all vertices having the same degree. In the considered model, vertices and edges are introduced recursively: at time $m+1$ we start…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-10-28 Y. A. Malyshkin

Let $\alpha \in (0,1)_{\mathbb{R}}$ be irrational and $G_n = G_{n,1/n^\alpha}$ be the random graph with edge probability $1/n^\alpha$; we know that it satisfies the 0-1 law for first order logic. We deal with the failure of the 0-1 law for…

Logic · Mathematics 2021-08-21 Saharon Shelah

Let us draw a graph R on {0,1,...,n-1} by having an edge {i,j} with probability p_(|i-j|), where sum_i p_i is finite and let M_n=(n,<,R). For a first order sentence psi let a^n_psi be the probability of ``M_n satisfies psi''. We prove that…

Logic · Mathematics 2009-09-25 Saharon Shelah

We consider limit probabilities of first order properties in random graphs with a given degree sequence. Under mild conditions on the degree sequence, we show that the closure set of limit probabilities is a finite union of closed…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-05-24 Alberto Larrauri , Guillem Perarnau

Since the paper of Kleinberg and Kleinberg, SODA'05, where it was proven that the preferential attachment random graph with degeneracy at least 3 does not obey the first order 0-1 law, no general methods were developed to study logical…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-11-01 Yury Malyshkin , Maksim Zhukovskii

We extend the convergence law for sparse random graphs proven by Lynch to arbitrary relational languages. We consider a finite relational vocabulary $\sigma$ and a first order theory $T$ for $\sigma$ composed of symmetry and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-06-15 Lázaro Alberto Larrauri

We find a logic really stronger than first order for the random graph with edge probability $\frac 12$ but satisfies the 0-1 law. This means that on the one hand it satisfies the 0-1 law, e.g. for the random graph ${\mathcal G}_{n,1/2}$ and…

Logic · Mathematics 2021-07-16 Saharon Shelah

For many standard models of random structure, first-order logic sentences exhibit a convergence phenomenon on random inputs. The most well-known example is for random graphs with constant edge probability, where the probabilities of…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-04-24 Sam Adam-Day , Michael Benedikt , Alberto Larrauri

In this paper the limit probabilities of first-order properties are studied. The random graph $G(n,p)$ {\it obeys Zero-One $k$-Law} if for each first-order property with quantifier depth not greater than $k$ its probability tends to 0 or…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-02-02 Aleksandr Matushkin

It is not hard to write a first order formula which is true for a given graph G but is false for any graph not isomorphic to G. The smallest number $(G) of nested quantifiers in a such formula can serve as a measure for the ``first order…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Jeong Han Kim , Oleg Pikhurko , Joel Spencer , Oleg Verbitsky

Let G_n be the random graph on [n]= {1, ...,n} with the possible edge {i,j} having probability being p_{|i-j|}= 1/|i-j|^alpha, alpha in (0,1) irrational. We prove that the zero one law (for first order logic) holds. The paper is continued…

Logic · Mathematics 2009-09-25 Saharon Shelah

Let G_<(n,p) denote the usual random graph G(n,p) on a totally ordered set of n vertices. We will fix p=1/2 for definiteness. Let L^< denote the first order language with predicates equality (x=y), adjacency (x~y) and less than (x<y). For…

Logic · Mathematics 2016-09-06 Saharon Shelah

We study asymptotical probabilities of first order and monadic second order properties of Erdos-Renyi random graph G(n,n^{-a}). The random graph obeys FO (MSO) zero-one k-law if for any first order (monadic second order) formulae it is true…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-09-06 L. B. Ostrovsky , M. E. Zhukovskii

For any fixed integer $R \geq 2$ we characterise the typical structure of undirected graphs with vertices $1, ..., n$ and maximum degree $R$, as $n$ tends to infinity. The information is used to prove that such graphs satisfy a labelled…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-12-18 Vera Koponen

Let $\alpha\in(0,1)_\mathbb{R}$ be irrational and $G_n = G_{{n, 1/n}^\alpha}$ be the random graph with edge probability $1/n^\alpha$; we know that it satisfies the 0-1 law for first order logic. We deal with the failure of the 0-1 law for…

Logic · Mathematics 2017-06-06 Saharon Shelah

We study an asymptotic behavior of the probabilities of first-order properties of random graph G(N,p) in the article. We conider p such that lnp=-alnN, a>0. We find values of parameter a from (1-exp(ln2(1-k)),1) such that the random graph…

Probability · Mathematics 2013-04-04 M. E. Zhukovskii

We study logical limit laws for preferential attachment random graphs. In this random graph model, vertices and edges are introduced recursively: at time $1$, we start with vertices $0,1$ and $m$ edges between them. At step $n+1$ the vertex…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-08-19 Yury Malyshkin

A graphon is said to have the $H$-property if a random undirected graph $G_n$ on $n$ nodes sampled from it has a node-wise disjoint cycle cover almost surely as $n\to\infty$. It has been shown in the earlier work that the $H$-property obeys…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-04-08 Wanting Gao , Hong Hu , Xudong Chen
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