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Nonlinear complexity is an important measure for assessing the randomness of sequences. In this paper we investigate how circular shifts affect the nonlinear complexities of finite-length binary sequences and then reveal a more explicit…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-04-26 Qin Yuan , Chunlei Li , Xiangyong Zeng , Tor Helleseth , Debiao He

An infinite permutation $\alpha$ is a linear ordering of $\mathbb N$. We study properties of infinite permutations analogous to those of infinite words, and show some resemblances and some differences between permutations and words. In this…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2011-09-29 Anna Frid , Luca Zamboni

Let $x$ be an $m$-sequence, a maximal length sequence produced by a linear feedback shift register. We show that $x$ has maximal subword complexity function in the sense of Allouche and Shallit. We show that this implies that the…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2020-01-31 Bjørn Kjos-Hanssen

The linear complexity is a measure for the unpredictability of a sequence over a finite field and thus for its suitability in cryptography. In 2012, Diem introduced a new figure of merit for cryptographic sequences called expansion…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2016-06-22 László Mérai , Harald Niederreiter , Arne Winterhof

Let $t_n = (-1)^{s_2(n)}$, where $s_2(n)$ is the sum of binary digits function. The sequence $(t_n)_{n\in \mathbb N}$ is the well-known Prouhet-Thue-Morse sequence. In this note we initiate the study of the sequence $(h_n)_{n\in \mathbb…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2021-10-01 Eryk Lipka , Maciej Ulas

Given a countable set X (usually taken to be the natural numbers or the integers), an infinite permutation \pi of X is a linear ordering of X. This paper investigates the combinatorial complexity of the infinite permutation on the natural…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2010-04-06 Steven Widmer

Following Inoue et al., we define a word to be a repetition if it is a (fractional) power of exponent at least 2. A word has a repetition factorization if it is the product of repetitions. We study repetition factorizations in several…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2023-11-30 Jeffrey Shallit , Xinhao Xu

We show that various aspects of k-automatic sequences -- such as having an unbordered factor of length n -- are both decidable and effectively enumerable. As a consequence it follows that many related sequences are either k-automatic or…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2011-10-14 Emilie Charlier , Narad Rampersad , Jeffrey Shallit

We define a metric on $\mathbb{F}_q^n$ using the linear complexity of finite sequences. We will then develop a coding theory for this metric. We will give a Singleton-like bound and we will give constructions of subspaces of…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-03-19 Tovohery Randrianarisoa

Finite automata with weights in the max-plus semiring are considered. The main result is: it is decidable in an effective way whether a series that is recognized by a finitely ambiguous max-plus automaton is unambiguous, or is sequential. A…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2007-09-27 Ines Klimann , Sylvain Lombardy , Jean Mairesse , Christophe Prieur

Morphic sequences form a natural class of infinite sequences, extending the well-studied class of automatic sequences. Where automatic sequences are known to have several equivalent characterizations and the class of automatic sequences is…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2023-09-20 Hans Zantema

The main subject of the paper is everywhere complex sequences. An everywhere complex sequence is a sequence that does not contain substrings of Kolmogorov complexity less than $\alpha n-O(1)$ where $n$ is the length of substring and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2010-09-21 Andrey Rumyantsev

The linear complexity (LC) of a sequence has been used as a convenient measure of the randomness of a sequence. Based on the theories of linear complexity, $k$-error linear complexity, the minimum error and the $k$-error linear complexity…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2011-09-22 Jianqin Zhou , Wei Xiong

The Thue--Morse sequence is a prototypical automatic sequence found in diverse areas of mathematics, and in computer science. We study occurrences of factors $w$ within this sequence, more precisely, the sequence of gaps between consecutive…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-11-19 Lukas Spiegelhofer

In combinatorics on words, the well-studied factor complexity function $\rho_{\infw{x}}$ of a sequence $\infw{x}$ over a finite alphabet counts, for every nonnegative integer $n$, the number of distinct length-$n$ factors of $\infw{x}$. In…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-05-07 Jean-Paul Allouche , John M. Campbell , Shuo Li , Jeffrey Shallit , Manon Stipulanti

We estimate Gowers uniformity norms for some classical automatic sequences, such as the Thue-Morse and Rudin-Shapiro sequences. The methods can also be extended to other automatic sequences. As an application, we asymptotically count…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2017-03-27 Jakub Konieczny

In this work we extend our study on a link between automaticity and certain algebraic power series over finite fields. Our starting point is a family of sequences in a finite field of characteristic $2$, recently introduced by the first…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2016-05-04 Alain Lasjaunias , Jia-Yan Yao

In this paper we prove Chaitin's ``heuristic principle'', {\it the theorems of a finitely-specified theory cannot be significantly more complex than the theory itself}, for an appropriate measure of complexity. We show that the measure is…

Logic · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Cristian S. Calude , Helmut Juergensen

Nonlinear complexity, as an important measure for assessing the randomness of sequences, is defined as the length of the shortest feedback shift registers that can generate a given sequence. In this paper, the structure of n-periodic binary…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Qin Yuan , Chunlei Li , Xiangyong Zeng

We propose a new ternary infinite (even full-infinite) square-free sequence. The sequence is defined both by an iterative method and by a direct definition. Both definitions are analogous to those of the Thue-Morse sequence. The direct…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2007-12-04 Tetsuo Kurosaki