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Over the past decade, multi-element superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) have emerged as the leading single-photon detection technology due to their exceptional system detection efficiency (SDE), ultrahigh timing…

Optics · Physics 2025-12-22 Amir Targholizadeh , Grigoriy Y. Nikulin , Pankaj K. Jha

A large-format mid-infrared single-photon imager with very low dark count rates would enable a broad range of applications in fields like astronomy and chemistry. Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) are a mature…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-05 Benedikt Hampel , Richard P. Mirin , Sae Woo Nam , Varun B. Verma

Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) perform single-photon counting with exceptional sensitivity and time resolution at near-infrared wavelengths. State-of-the-art SNSPDs, based on 100 nm-wide, 4 to 5 nm thick NbN…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-20 F. Marsili , F. Najafi , E. Dauler , F. Bellei , X. Hu , M. C. Csete , R. Molnar , K. K. Berggren

We experimentally investigated the detection performance of highly disordered NbxTi1-xN based superconducting nanowire single photon detectors (SNSPDs). The dependence on the composition of the transition temperature Tc for NbxTi1-xN films…

Superconductivity · Physics 2022-10-28 Ruoyan Ma , Rui Shu , Xingyu Zhang , Aobo Yu , Huang Jia , You Xiao , Huiqin Yu , Xiaoyu Liu , Hao Li , Per Eklund , Xiaofu Zhang , Lixing You

Single-photon detectors (SPDs) at near infrared wavelengths with high system detection efficiency (> 90%), low dark count rate (< 1 counts per second, cps), low timing jitter (< 100 ps), and short reset time (< 100 ns) would enable landmark…

Recent progress in the development of superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) made of amorphous material has delivered excellent performances, and has had a great impact on a range of research fields. Despite showing the…

Niobium Titanium nitride (NbTiN) based superconducting nanowire single photon detectors (SNSPDs) are known for their high performance across a wide spectral range, from the X-ray to the mid-infrared. Nonetheless, fabrication challenges and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-19 C. Klein , S. Cohen , T. Descamps , A. Iovan , P. Zolotov , P. Vennéguès , I. Florea , F. Semond , V. Zwiller

Predicting the behavior of superconducting nanowire single photon detectors (SNSPDs) is important as their use becomes more widespread in fields ranging from quantum computing to quantum remote sensing. Here, we present a vortex crossing…

Superconductivity · Physics 2025-08-15 Daien He , Leif Bauer , Sathwik Bharadwaj , Zubin Jacob

Improving the temporal resolution of single photon detectors has an impact on many applications, such as increased data rates and transmission distances for both classical and quantum optical communication systems, higher spatial resolution…

Photon detectors based on type-2 superconductors have found widespread applications from on-chip quantum computing to quantum remote sensing. Here, we develop the theory for a new class of type-1.5 superconducting nanowire single photon…

Superconductivity · Physics 2025-07-03 Leif Bauer , Daien He , Sathwik Bharadwaj , Shunshun Liu , Prasanna V. Balachandran , Zubin Jacob

Detecting non-classical light is a central requirement for photonics-based quantum technologies. Unrivaled high efficiencies and low dark counts have positioned superconducting nanowire single photon detectors (SNSPDs) as the leading…

This paper describes the construction of a cryostat and an optical system with a free-space coupling efficiency of 56.5% +/- 3.4% to a superconducting nanowire single-photon detector (SNSPD) for infrared quantum communication and spectrum…

Detecting single photons is essential for applications such as dark matter detection, quantum science and technology, and biomedical imaging. Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) excel in this task due to their…

In the past decade superconducting nanowire single photon detectors (SNSPDs) have gradually become an indispensable part of any demanding quantum optics experiment. Until now, most SNSPDs are coupled to single-mode fibers. SNSPDs coupled to…

Jitter is one of the key parameters for a superconducting nanowire single photon detector (SNSPD). Using an optimized time-correlated single photon counting system for jitter measurement, we extensively studied the dependence of system…

Superconducting nanowire single photon detectors (SNSPDs) are the highest-performing technology for time-resolved single-photon counting from the UV to the near-infrared. The recent discovery of single-photon sensitivity in micrometer-scale…

We present an approach to increase the effective light-receiving area of superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPD) by means of free-form microlenses that are printed in situ on top of the sensitive detector area using…

Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) at a wavelength of 532 nm were designed and fabricated aiming to satellite laser ranging (SLR) applications. The NbN SNSPDs were fabricated on one-dimensional photonic crystals with…

Niobium Nitride (NbN) nanowire is the most popular detection material of superconducting nanowire single photon detectors (SNSPDs) for high repetition rate and high efficiency. However, it has been assumed to be difficult for fabricating…

Applied Physics · Physics 2018-11-27 Qi Chen , Biao Zhang , Labao Zhang , Rui Ge , Ruiying Xu , Yang Wu , Xuecou Tu , Xiaoqing Jia , Lin Kang , Jian Chen , Peiheng Wu

High-quality ultra-thin films of niobium nitride (NbN) are developed by plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition (PEALD) technique. Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) patterned from this material exhibit high switching…

Applied Physics · Physics 2020-01-08 Risheng Cheng , Sihao Wang , Hong X. Tang