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Electron spin resonance (ESR) is a powerful tool for characterizing and manipulating spin systems, but commercial ESR spectrometers can be expensive and designed to work in narrow frequency bands. This work presents an inexpensive…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2024-08-01 Charles A. Collett , Sofia M. Davvetas , Abdulelah Alsuhaymi , Grigore A. Timco

Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) describes a suite of techniques for characterising electronic systems, with applications in physics, materials science, chemistry, and biology. However, the requirement for large electron spin ensembles in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-03-04 L. T. Hall , P. Kehayias , D. A. Simpson , A. Jarmola , A. Stacey , D. Budker , L. C. L. Hollenberg

Integration of electron spin resonance (ESR) in a scanning tunneling microscope (STM) has enabled an all-electrical control of atomic and molecular spins on solid surfaces with atomic-scale precision and energy resolution beyond thermal…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-09-03 Deung-Jang Choi , Soo-hyon Phark , Andreas J. Heinrich , Nicolás Lorente

Spin noise spectroscopy is a method of magnetic resonance widely used, nowadays, in atomic and semiconductor research. Classical objects of the EPR spectroscopy - dielectrics with paramagnetic impurities - seemed to be unsuitable for this…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-07-01 A. N. Kamenskii , A. Greilich , I. I. Ryzhov , G. G. Kozlov , M. Bayer , V. S. Zapasskii

Different approaches have improved the sensitivity of either electron or nuclear magnetic resonance to the single spin level. For optical detection it has essentially become routine to observe a single electron spin or nuclear spin.…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2016-06-29 Jörg Wrachtrup , Amit Finkler

A new method for detecting the magnetic resonance of electronic spins at low temperature is demonstrated. It consists in measuring the signal emitted by the spins with a superconducting qubit that acts as a single-microwave-photon detector,…

Modern experimental techniques can generate magnetic fields of the form H(t) = H0 z-hat + H1 [x-hat cos({\omega}t) + y-hat sin({\omega}t)], at frequencies within an order of magnitude of the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and electron…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2026-02-19 Zhichen Liu , Richard A. Klemm

The investigation of paramagnetic species (such as point defects, dopants, and impurities) in solid-state electronic devices is significant because of their effect on device performance. Conventionally, these species are detected and imaged…

Materials Science · Physics 2015-05-20 Itai Katz , Matthias Fehr , Alexander Schnegg , Klaus Lips , Aharon Blank

Single-spin magnetic resonance spectroscopy promises to yield structural and chemical information at the level of individual atoms or molecules, in a non-invasive way. Here, we use an Er3+ paramagnetic center in a CaWO4 crystal, detected by…

A nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in diamond is a promising sensor for nanoscale magnetic sensing. Here we report electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy using a single NV center in diamond. First, using a 230 GHz ESR spectrometer, we…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2016-10-05 Chathuranga Abeywardana , Viktor Stepanov , Franklin H. Cho , Susumu Takahashi

An ultimate goal of electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy is to analyze molecular dynamics in place where it occurs, such as in a living cell. The nanodiamond (ND) hosting nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers will be a promising EPR…

The integration of scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy has emerged as a powerful and innovative tool for discerning spin excitations and spin-spin interactions within atoms and molecules…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2024-11-04 Lyuzhou Ye , Xiao Zheng , Xin Xu

The use of superconducting micro-resonators in combination with quantum-limited Josephson parametric amplifiers has in recent years lead to more than four orders of magnitude improvement in the sensitivity of pulsed Electron Spin Resonance…

Efficient detection of magnetic fields is central to many areas of research and has important practical applications ranging from materials science to geomagnetism. High sensitivity detectors are commonly built using direct…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2013-01-07 Mustafa Bal , Chunqing Deng , Jean-Luc Orgiazzi , Florian Ong , Adrian Lupascu

The development of electron spin resonance (ESR) combined with scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STM) is undoubtedly one of the main experimental breakthroughs in surface science of the last decade thanks to joining the extraordinarily high…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2022-08-31 Fernando Delgado , Nicolás Lorente

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revolutionized diagnostic medicine and biomedical research by allowing a noninvasive access to spin ensembles. To enhance MRI resolution to the nanometer scale, new approaches including scanning probe…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2019-10-23 Philip Willke , Kai Yang , Yujeong Bae , Andreas J. Heinrich , Christopher P. Lutz

We report the development of a continuous-wave and pulsed X-band electron spin resonance (ESR) spectrometer for the study of spins on ordered surfaces down to cryogenic temperatures. The spectrometer operates in ultra-high vacuum and…

Integrated magnetic sensors that allow simultaneous EPR and magnetization measurements have been developed to study single molecule magnets. A high frequency microstrip resonator has been integrated with a micro-Hall effect magnetometer.…

Materials Science · Physics 2009-11-11 G. de Loubens , G. D. Chaves , A. D. Kent , C. Ramsey , E. del Barco , C. Beedle , D. N. Hendrickson

We study experimentally the fundamental limits of sensitivity of an atomic radio-frequency magnetometer. First we apply an optimal sequence of state preparation, evolution, and the back-action evading measurement to achieve a nearly…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-01-28 W. Wasilewski , K. Jensen , H. Krauter , J. J. Renema , M. V. Balabas , E. S. Polzik

Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy is widely employed to characterize paramagnetic complexes. Recently, EPR combined with scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) achieved single-spin sensitivity with sub-angstrom spatial…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-10-09 Tom S. Seifert , Stepan Kovarik , Dominik M. Juraschek , Nicola A. Spaldin , Pietro Gambardella , Sebastian Stepanow