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Results from a triple-blind mixed-method user study into the effectiveness of mixed-initiative tools for the procedural generation of game levels are presented. A tool which generates levels using interactive evolutionary optimisation was…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-06-03 Sean P. Walton , Alma A. M. Rahat , James Stovold

Generative artificial intelligence (AI), particularly transformer-based models, presents new opportunities for automating and augmenting engineering design workflows. However, effectively integrating these models into interactive tools…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-04-14 Mohammadmehdi Ataei , Hyunmin Cheong , Jiwon Jun , Justin Matejka , Alexander Tessier , George Fitzmaurice

Studies of Generative AI (GenAI)-assisted creative workflows have focused on individuals overcoming challenges of prompting to produce what they envisioned. When designers work in teams, how do collaboration and prompting influence each…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Yuanning Han , Ziyi Qiu , Jiale Cheng , RAY LC

This paper describes an approach that combines generative adversarial networks (GANs) with interactive evolutionary computation (IEC). While GANs can be trained to produce lifelike images, they are normally sampled randomly from the learned…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2018-01-26 Philip Bontrager , Wending Lin , Julian Togelius , Sebastian Risi

Human-AI co-creativity involves both humans and AI collaborating on a shared creative product as partners. In a creative collaboration, interaction dynamics, such as turn-taking, contribution type, and communication, are the driving forces…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-04-26 Jeba Rezwana , Mary Lou Maher

Design is a non-linear, reflective process in which practitioners engage with visual, semantic, and other expressive materials to explore, iterate, and refine ideas. As Generative AI (GenAI) becomes integrated into professional design…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Xiaohan Peng , Wendy E. Mackay , Janin Koch

Designing public spaces requires balancing the interests of diverse stakeholders within a constrained physical and institutional space. Designers usually approach these problems through participatory methods but struggle to incorporate…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-01-24 Jose A. Guridi , Angel Hsing-Chi Hwang , Duarte Santo , Maria Goula , Cristobal Cheyre , Lee Humphreys , Marco Rangel

Design is fundamental to software development but can be demanding to perform. Thus to assist the software designer, evolutionary computing is being increasingly applied using machine-based, quantitative fitness functions to evolve software…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2012-10-04 Christopher L. Simons , Ian C. Parmee

Participatory design effectively engages stakeholders in technology development but is often constrained by small, resource-intensive activities. This study explores a scalable complementary method, enabling broad pattern identification in…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Ronald Cumbal , Marcus Göransson , Alexandros Rouchitsas , Didem Gürdür Broo , Ginevra Castellano

Generative AI (GenAI) is transforming creative fields shaping our culture and our heritage. We focus on widespread interactions between clients and (creative) specialists highlighting a change in interaction patterns leading to a shift from…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Johannes Schneider , Kilic Sinem , Daniel Stockhammer

Divergent thinking in the ideation stage of creative problem-solving demands that individuals explore a broad design space. Yet this exploration rarely follows a neat, linear sequence; problem-solvers constantly shift among searching,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Yaqing Yang , Vikram Mohanty , Nikolas Martelaro , Aniket Kittur , Yan-Ying Chen , Matthew K. Hong

Design spaces serve as a conceptual framework that enables designers to explore feasible solutions through the selection and combination of design elements. However, effective decision-making remains heavily dependent on the designer's…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Chuer Chen , Xiaoke Yan , Xiaoyu Qi , Nan Cao

AI-based design tools are proliferating in professional software to assist engineering and industrial designers in complex manufacturing and design tasks. These tools take on more agentic roles than traditional computer-aided design tools…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-03-02 Frederic Gmeiner , Humphrey Yang , Lining Yao , Kenneth Holstein , Nikolas Martelaro

This paper presents a computational model for conceptual shifts, based on a novelty metric applied to a vector representation generated through deep learning. This model is integrated into a co-creative design system, which enables a…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2019-06-26 Pegah Karimi , Mary Lou Maher , Nicholas Davis , Kazjon Grace

This chapter presents methodological reflections on the necessity and utility of artificial intelligence in generative design. Specifically, the chapter discusses how generative design processes can be augmented by AI to deliver in terms of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-10-16 Pirouz Nourian , Shervin Azadi , Roy Uijtendaal , Nan Bai

It is clear that the current attempts at using algorithms to create artificial neural networks have had mixed success at best when it comes to creating large networks and/or complex behavior. This should not be unexpected, as creating an…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2014-08-06 Sebastian Risi , Jinhong Zhang , Rasmus Taarnby , Peter Greve , Jan Piskur , Antonios Liapis , Julian Togelius

A social computational design method is established, aiming at taking advantages of the fast-developing artificial intelligence technologies for intelligent product design. Supported with multi-agent system, shape grammar, Generative…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-02-23 Maolin Yang , Pingyu Jiang

Envisioning a new imaginative idea together is a popular human need. Imagining together as a team can often lead to breakthrough ideas, but the collaboration effort can also be challenging, especially when the team members are separated by…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-06-11 Rajagopal. A , Nirmala. V

As generative AI (GenAI) increasingly permeates design workflows, its impact on design outcomes and designers' creative capabilities warrants investigation. We conducted a within-subjects experiment where we asked participants to design…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-11-04 Yue Fu , Han Bin , Tony Zhou , Marx Wang , Yixin Chen , Zelia Gomes Da Costa Lai , Jacob O. Wobbrock , Alexis Hiniker

Unlike static and rigid user interfaces, generative and malleable user interfaces offer the potential to respond to diverse users' goals and tasks. However, current approaches primarily rely on generating code, making it difficult for…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Yining Cao , Peiling Jiang , Haijun Xia