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Related papers: On quantum invariants and the graph isomorphism pr…

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We formulate a notion of the quantum automorphism group of a $2$-graph. After some preliminary computations, we define quantum isomorphism between a pair of $2$-graphs. We produce a `non-trivial' example of a pair of $2$-graphs that are not…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2025-04-01 Soumalya Joardar , Atibur Rahaman , Jitender Sharma

Over 50 years ago, Lov\'{a}sz proved that two graphs are isomorphic if and only if they admit the same number of homomorphisms from any graph [Acta Math. Hungar. 18 (1967), pp. 321--328]. In this work we prove that two graphs are quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-10-22 Laura Mančinska , David E. Roberson

In this report, we describe a novel graph invariant for computational graphs (colored directed acylic graphs) and how we used it to generate all distinct computational graphs up to isomorphism for small graphs. The algorithm iteratively…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2019-02-19 Chris Ying

We develop a unified quantum framework for subgraph counting in graphs. We encode a graph on $N$ vertices into a quantum state on $2\lceil \log_2 N \rceil$ working qubits and $2$ ancilla qubits using its adjacency list, with worst-case gate…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-22 Bibhas Adhikari

We strengthen and put in a broader perspective previous results of the first two authors on colliding permutations. The key to the present approach is a new non-asymptotic invariant for graphs.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-09-28 János Körner , Claudia Malvenuto , Gábor Simonyi

Progress on graph foundation models is hindered by benchmark practices that conflate the contributions of node features and graph structure, making it hard to tell whether a model actually learns from connectivity, or whether it even needs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Richard von Moos , Mathieu Alain , Bastian Rieck

We provide a mathematically and conceptually robust notion of quantum superpositions of graphs. We argue that, crucially, quantum superpositions of graphs require node names for their correct alignment, which we demonstrate through a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-03-09 Pablo Arrighi , Marios Christodoulou , Amélia Durbec

We demonstrate experimentally the ability of a quantum annealer to distinguish between sets of non-isomorphic graphs that share the same classical Ising spectrum. Utilizing the pause-and-quench features recently introduced into D-Wave…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-09-30 Zoe Gonzalez Izquierdo , Ruilin Zhou , Klas Markström , Itay Hen

This workshop brought together experts in classical graph theory and quantum information science to explore the intersection of these fields, with a focus on quantum graph states and their applications in computing, networking, and sensing.…

While stabilizer tableaus have proven exceptionally useful as a descriptive tool for additive quantum codes, they offer little guidance for concrete constructions or coding algorithm analysis. We introduce a representation of stabilizer…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-31 Andrey Boris Khesin

The Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) era of technology in which we currently find ourselves is defined by non-universality, susceptibility to errors and noise, and a search for useful applications. While demonstrations of practical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-01 Innes L. Maxwell , Stefan N. van den Hoven , Jelmer J. Renema

Multi-qubit quantum states corresponding to bipartite graphs $G(U,V,E)$ are examined. These states are constructed by applying $CNOT$ gates to an arbitrary separable multi-qubit quantum state. The entanglement distance of the resulting…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-17 Kh. P. Gnatenko

The purpose of this article is to show that even the most elementary problems in asymptotic extremal graph theory can be highly non-trivial. We study linear inequalities between graph homomorphism densities. In the language of quantum…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2010-10-19 Hamed Hatami , Serguei Norine

The connection between certain entangled states and graphs has been heavily studied in the context of measurement-based quantum computation as a tool for understanding entanglement. Here we show that this correspondence can be harnessed in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-03-23 Liming Zhao , Carlos A. Pérez-Delgado , Joseph F. Fitzsimons

Quantum discord refers to an important aspect of quantum correlations for bipartite quantum systems. In our earlier works we have shown that corresponding to every graph (combinatorial) there are quantum states whose properties are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-03-20 Supriyo Dutta , Bibhas Adhikari , Subhashish Banerjee

Graph states are the key resources for measurement- and fusion-based quantum computing with photons, yet their creation is experimentally challenging. We optimize a hybrid graph-state generation scheme using a single quantum emitter and…

We propose an end-to-end deep learning learning model for graph classification and representation learning that is invariant to permutation of the nodes of the input graphs. We address the challenge of learning a fixed size graph…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-09 Peter Meltzer , Marcelo Daniel Gutierrez Mallea , Peter J. Bentley

In this work, we propose novel families of positional encodings tailored to graph neural networks obtained with quantum computers. These encodings leverage the long-range correlations inherent in quantum systems that arise from mapping the…

This PhD thesis is dedicated to the study of the interplay between symmetries of quantum states and their self-similar properties. It consists of three connected threads of research: polynomial invariants for multiphoton states,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-12-23 Piotr Migdał

First, I introduce quantum graph theory. I also discuss a known lower bound on the independence numbers and derive from it an upper bound on the chromatic numbers of quantum graphs. Then, I construct a family of quantum graphs that can be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-12-01 Steven Lu