Related papers: Calibration Concordance for Astronomical Instrumen…
Reliable harmonization of heterogeneous magnetic resonance~(MR) image datasets, especially those acquired in pragmatic clinical trials, is critical to advance multi-center neuroimaging studies and translational machine learning in…
Obtaining well-calibrated photometric redshift probability densities for galaxies without a spectroscopic measurement remains a challenge. Deep learning discriminative models, typically fed with multi-band galaxy images, can produce outputs…
We propose an approach to assess the synchronization of rigidly mounted sensors based on their rotational motion. Using function similarity measures combined with a sliding window approach, our approach is capable of estimating time-varying…
Traditional LLM alignment methods are vulnerable to heterogeneity in human preferences. Fitting a na\"ive probabilistic model to pairwise comparison data (say over prompt-completion pairs) yields an inconsistent estimate of the…
We present a technique for the accurate estimation of large-scale errors in an antenna surface using astronomical sources and detectors. The technique requires several out-of-focus images of a compact source and the signal-to-noise ratio…
Calibration is a popular framework to evaluate whether a classifier knows when it does not know - i.e., its predictive probabilities are a good indication of how likely a prediction is to be correct. Correctness is commonly estimated…
Astronomical data are typically irregular in time, e.g. the space (HIPPARCOS/TYCHO, KEPLER, GAIA, WISE etc.) and ground-based CCD (NSVS, ASAS, CRTS, SuperWASP etc.) and photographic (Harvard, Sonneberg, Odessa etc.) photometrical surveys.…
We present a novel approach to test the consistency of the cosmological models with multiband CMB data using a nonparametric approach. In our analysis we calibrate the REACT (Risk Estimation and Adaptation after Coordinate Transformation)…
A pair of quantum observables diagonal in the same "incoherent" basis can be measured jointly, so some coherence is obviously required for measurement incompatibility. Here we first observe that coherence in a single observable is linked to…
Proper scoring rules evaluate the quality of probabilistic predictions, playing an essential role in the pursuit of accurate and well-calibrated models. Every proper score decomposes into two fundamental components -- proper calibration…
Quantitative morphologies, such as asymmetry and concentration, have long been used as an effective way to assess the distribution of galaxy starlight in large samples. Application of such quantitative indicators to other data products…
This paper presents a polarization calibration method applied to a microwave polarimeter demonstrator based on a near-infrared (NIR) frequency up-conversion stage that allows both optical correlation and signal detection at a wavelength of…
The determination of the covariance matrix and its inverse, the precision matrix, is critical in the statistical analysis of cosmological measurements. The covariance matrix is typically estimated with a limited number of simulations at…
Multiplicative noise (also known as speckle noise) models are central to the study of coherent imaging systems, such as synthetic aperture radar and sonar, and ultrasound and laser imaging. These models introduce two additional layers of…
This paper deals with a source separation strategy based on second-order statistics, namely, on data covariance matrices estimated at several lags. In general, ``blind'' approaches to source separation do not assume any knowledge on the…
The astrometric calibration of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey is described. For point sources brighter than r ~ 20 the astrometric accuracy is 45 milliarcseconds (mas) rms per coordinate when reduced against the USNO CCD Astrograph Catalog,…
Throughout the processing and analysis of survey data, a ubiquitous issue nowadays is that we are spoilt for choice when we need to select a methodology for some of its steps. The alternative methods usually fail and excel in different data…
Automated sensing instruments on satellites and aircraft have enabled the collection of massive amounts of high-resolution observations of spatial fields over large spatial regions. If these datasets can be efficiently exploited, they can…
In tomographic reconstruction, the goal is to reconstruct an unknown object from a collection of line integrals. Given a complete sampling of such line integrals for various angles and directions, explicit inverse formulas exist to…
We have developed a fast, accurate and generally applicable method for inferring the power spectrum and its uncertainties from maps of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) in the presence of inhomogeneous and correlated noise. For maps…