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In recent years, formal methods have been extensively used in the design of autonomous systems. By employing mathematically rigorous techniques, formal methods can provide fully automated reasoning processes with provable safety guarantees…
Self-adaptive systems manage themselves to deal with uncertainties that can only be resolved during operation. A common approach to realize self-adaptation is by adding a feedback loop to the system that monitors the system and adapts it to…
For autonomous vehicles, safe navigation in complex environments depends on handling a broad range of diverse and rare driving scenarios. Simulation- and scenario-based testing have emerged as key approaches to development and validation of…
The main goal of this paper is to evaluate knowledge base schemas, modeled as a set of entity types, each such type being associated with a set of properties, according to their focus. We intuitively model the notion of focus as ''the state…
Interaction methods based on computer-vision hold the potential to become the next powerful technology to support breakthroughs in the field of human-computer interaction. Non-invasive vision-based techniques permit unconventional…
Assessing drivers' interaction capabilities is crucial for understanding human driving behavior and enhancing the interactive abilities of autonomous vehicles. In scenarios involving strong interaction, existing metrics focused on…
The integration of Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) into existing human-driven traffic systems poses considerable challenges, especially within environments where human and machine interactions are frequent and complex, such as at unsignalized…
Digitalization efforts often face a key challenge: business processes must not only be efficient in achieving their goals but also adhere to legal regulations. Business process compliance refers to aligning processes with these regulations.…
As vehicle automation technology continues to mature, there is a necessity for robust remote monitoring and intervention features. These are essential for intervening during vehicle malfunctions, challenging road conditions, or in areas…
The increasing pressure within VUCA (volatility, uncertainty, complexity and ambiguity) driven environments causes traditional, plan-driven Systems Engineering approaches to no longer suffice. Agility is then changing from a "nice-to-have"…
Automated Driving is revolutionizing many of the traditional ways of operation in the automotive industry. The impact on safety engineering of automotive functions is arguably one of the most important changes. There has been a need to…
Sophisticated user interaction in the automotive industry is a fast emerging topic. Mid-air gestures and speech already have numerous applications for driver-car interaction. Additionally, multimodal approaches are being developed to…
This paper describes the comprehensive safety framework that underpinned the development, release process, and regulatory approval of BMW's first SAE Level 3 Automated Driving System. The framework combines established qualitative and…
Testing of autonomous systems is extremely important as many of them are both safety-critical and security-critical. The architecture and mechanism of such systems are fundamentally different from traditional control software, which appears…
Autonomous systems control many tasks in our daily lives. To increase trust in those systems and safety of the interaction between humans and autonomous systems, the system behaviour and reasons for autonomous decision should be explained…
Prototyping is one of the core activities of User-Centered Design (UCD) processes and an integral component of Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) research. For many years, prototyping was synonym of paper-based mockups and only more recently…
Research in the field of automated vehicles, or more generally cognitive cyber-physical systems that operate in the real world, is leading to increasingly complex systems. Among other things, artificial intelligence enables an…
Context: With artificial intelligence (AI) being well established within the daily lives of research communities, we turn our gaze toward formal methods (FM). FM aim to provide sound and verifiable reasoning about problems in computer…
Autonomous vehicles have a great potential in the application of both civil and military fields, and have become the focus of research with the rapid development of science and economy. This article proposes a brief review on learning-based…
Use case driven development methodologies put use cases at the center of the software development process. However, in order to support automated development and analysis, use cases need to be appropriately formalized. This will also help…