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This decade will see the first direct detections of gravitational waves by observatories such as Advanced LIGO and Virgo. Among the prime sources are coalescences of binary neutron stars and black holes, which are ideal probes of dynamical…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-12 Chris Van Den Broeck

In 1676 Olaus R{\o}mer presented the first observational evidence for a finite light velocity $\cem$. He formed his estimate by attributing the periodically varying discrepancy between the observed and expected occultation times of the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-15 Lee Samuel Finn , Joseph D. Romano

A second generation of gravitational wave detectors will soon come online with the objective of measuring for the first time the tiny gravitational signal from the coalescence of black hole and/or neutron star binaries. In this…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2017-10-26 Eric Chassande-Mottin , Eric Lebigot , Hugo Magaldi , Eve Chase , Archana Pai , Gayathri V , Gabriele Vedovato

The strong evidence for low-frequency gravitational waves from pulsar timing arrays (PTAs), published in 2023, has widened the scope for teaching about gravitational wave astronomy. This article provides a simple, unified overview of the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-05-27 Markus Pössel

Pulsar timing array projects are carrying out high precision observations of millisecond pulsars with the aim of detecting ultra-low frequency (~ 10^{-9} to 10^{-8} Hz) gravitational waves. We show how unambiguous detections of such waves…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-19 George Hobbs

Observations of strongly gravitationally lensed gravitational wave (GW) sources provide a unique opportunity for constraining their transverse motion, which otherwise is exceedingly hard for GW mergers in general. Strong lensing makes this…

We propose a new method of searching for the composition-dependent dilatonic waves, predicted by unified theories of strings. In this method, Earth's surface-gravity changes due to translational motions of its inner core, excited by…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-04-15 Sachie Shiomi

This paper studies the use of optical lattice clock (OLC) detector networks for detecting the stochastic gravitational-wave background (SGWB). Starting from the cross-correlation formalism for two OLC detectors, we analyze how the detector…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-04-30 Mingzhi Lou , Hong Su , Tao Yang , Yun-Long Zhang

Pulsar timing experiments aimed at the detection of gravitational radiation have been performed for decades now. With the forthcoming construction of large arrays capable of tracking multiple millisecond pulsars, it is very likely we will…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-05-27 Marcio Eduardo da Silva Alves , Massimo Tinto

Precision timing of highly stable milli-second pulsars is a promising technique for the detection of very low frequency sources of gravitational waves. In any single pulsar, a stochastic gravitational wave signal appears as an additional…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-06-01 Neil J. Cornish , Laura M. Sampson

Sun-like stellar oscillations are excited by turbulent convection and have been discovered in some 500 main sequence and sub-giant stars and in more than 12,000 red giant stars. When such stars are near gravitational wave sources, low-order…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-07-14 Ilídio Lopes , Joseph Silk

Alternative theories of gravity predict up to six distinct polarization modes for gravitational waves. Strong gravitational lensing of gravitational waves allows us to probe the polarization content of these signals by effectively…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-11-03 Ignacio Magaña Hernandez

The standard siren approach of gravitational wave cosmology appeals to the direct luminosity distance estimation through the waveform signals from inspiralling double compact binaries, especially those with electromagnetic counterparts…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-10-30 Kai Liao , Xi-Long Fan , Xu-Heng Ding , Marek Biesiada , Zong-Hong Zhu

The phenomenal rotational stability of millisecond pulsars allows them to be used as precise celestial clocks. An array of these pulsars can be exploited to search for correlated perturbations in their pulse times of arrival due to…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2014-10-15 M. A. McLaughlin

In one of our previous articles we have considered the role of a time dependent magnetic ellipticity on pulsars' braking indices and on the putative gravitational waves these objects can emit. Since only nine of more than 2000 known pulsars…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-05-29 José C. N. de Araujo , Jaziel G. Coelho , César A. Costa

The method of measurement of Doppler frequency shift of ionospheric signal - HF Doppler technique - is one of well-known and widely used methods of ionosphere research. It allows to research various disturbances in the ionosphere. There are…

Geophysics · Physics 2014-10-15 Inna R. Petrova , Vladimir V. Bochkarev , Ruslan R. Latypov

Gravitational waves (GWs) are a new avenue of observing our Universe. So far, we have seen them in the ~10-100 Hz range, and there are hints that we might soon detect them in the nanohertz regime. Multiple efforts are underway to access GWs…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-06-28 Kris Pardo , Tzu-Ching Chang , Olivier Doré , Yijun Wang

Within the closed universe, we obtain the amplitude and frequency of gravitational waves in the terms of discrete wave numbers, wave propagation time, and cosmological constant using the deviation equation in the first-order perturbed…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-05-27 Jafar Khodagholizadeh , Amir H. Abbassi , Ali Vahedi , Komeil Babaei

We examine the correlation functions associated with intensity interferometry and gravito-optics of gravitational wave signals from compact binary coalescences. Previous theoretical studies of the gravito-optics of gravitational waves has…

Gravitational waves provide a new probe of the Universe which can reveal a number of cosmological and astrophysical phenomena that cannot be observed by electromagnetic waves. Different frequencies of gravitational waves are detected by…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-11-08 Jun'ichi Yokoyama