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For large language models (LLMs) like NLLB and GPT, translating idioms remains a challenge. Our goal is to enhance translation fidelity by improving LLM processing of idiomatic language while preserving the original linguistic style. This…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-24 Sundesh Donthi , Maximilian Spencer , Om Patel , Joon Doh , Eid Rodan , Kevin Zhu , Sean O'Brien

Machine Translation (MT) plays a pivotal role in cross-lingual information access, public policy communication, and equitable knowledge dissemination. However, critical meaning errors, such as factual distortions, intent reversals, or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Muskaan Chopra , Lorenz Sparrenberg , Rafet Sifa

We introduce MT-LENS, a framework designed to evaluate Machine Translation (MT) systems across a variety of tasks, including translation quality, gender bias detection, added toxicity, and robustness to misspellings. While several toolkits…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Javier García Gilabert , Carlos Escolano , Audrey Mash , Xixian Liao , Maite Melero

While neural machine translation (NMT) has achieved state-of-the-art translation performance, it is unable to capture the alignment between the input and output during the translation process. The lack of alignment in NMT models leads to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-12-02 Jiacheng Zhang , Huanbo Luan , Maosong Sun , FeiFei Zhai , Jingfang Xu , Yang Liu

Recently many efforts have been devoted to interpreting the black-box NMT models, but little progress has been made on metrics to evaluate explanation methods. Word Alignment Error Rate can be used as such a metric that matches human…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-05 Jierui Li , Lemao Liu , Huayang Li , Guanlin Li , Guoping Huang , Shuming Shi

Although Large Language Models (LLMs) have exceptional performance in machine translation, only a limited systematic assessment of translation quality has been done. The challenge lies in automated frameworks, as human-expert-based…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Yue Zhang , Rodney Beard , John Hawkins , Rohitash Chandra

As Machine Translation (MT) becomes increasingly commonplace, understanding how the general public perceives and relies on imperfect MT is crucial for contextualizing MT research in real-world applications. We present a human study…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Yimin Xiao , Yongle Zhang , Dayeon Ki , Calvin Bao , Marianna J. Martindale , Charlotte Vaughn , Ge Gao , Marine Carpuat

Machine translation (MT) plays an important role in benefiting linguists, sociologists, computer scientists, etc. by processing natural language to translate it into some other natural language. And this demand has grown exponentially over…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-01-07 Ankush Garg , Mayank Agarwal

Idioms pose problems to almost all Machine Translation systems. This type of language is very frequent in day-to-day language use and cannot be simply ignored. The recent interest in memory augmented models in the field of Language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-10-17 Giancarlo D. Salton , Robert J. Ross , John D. Kelleher

In this paper, we propose a robust neural machine translation (NMT) framework. The framework consists of a homophone noise detector and a syllable-aware NMT model to homophone errors. The detector identifies potential homophone errors in a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-16 Wenjie Qin , Xiang Li , Yuhui Sun , Deyi Xiong , Jianwei Cui , Bin Wang

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved top results in recent machine translation evaluations, but they are also known to be sensitive to errors and perturbations in their prompts. We systematically evaluate how both humanly plausible…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Patrícia Schmidtová , Niyati Bafna , Seth Aycock , Gianluca Vico , Wiktor Kamzela , Katharina Hämmerl , Vilém Zouhar

Neural machine translation (NMT), a new approach to machine translation, has achieved promising results comparable to those of traditional approaches such as statistical machine translation (SMT). Despite its recent success, NMT cannot…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-07-21 Zi Long , Takehito Utsuro , Tomoharu Mitsuhashi , Mikio Yamamoto

Modern Machine Translation (MT) systems perform consistently well on clean, in-domain text. However most human generated text, particularly in the realm of social media, is full of typos, slang, dialect, idiolect and other noise which can…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-12 Vaibhav Vaibhav , Sumeet Singh , Craig Stewart , Graham Neubig

In this work, we explore idiomatic language processing with Large Language Models (LLMs). We introduce the Idiomatic language Test Suite IdioTS, a new dataset of difficult examples specifically designed by language experts to assess the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-20 Francesca De Luca Fornaciari , Begoña Altuna , Itziar Gonzalez-Dios , Maite Melero

Machine translation (MT) was developed as one of the hottest research topics in the natural language processing (NLP) literature. One important issue in MT is that how to evaluate the MT system reasonably and tell us whether the translation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-01-25 Lifeng Han

Machine-translated benchmarks are widely used to assess the multilingual capabilities of large language models (LLMs), yet translation errors in these benchmarks remain underexplored, raising concerns about the reliability and comparability…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Klaudia-Doris Thellmann , Bernhard Stadler , Michael Färber , Jens Lehmann

Recently, the development and progress of Large Language Models (LLMs) have amazed the entire Artificial Intelligence community. Benefiting from their emergent abilities, LLMs have attracted more and more researchers to study their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Yinghui Li , Haojing Huang , Shirong Ma , Yong Jiang , Yangning Li , Feng Zhou , Hai-Tao Zheng , Qingyu Zhou

Neural Machine Translation (NMT) is a new approach to machine translation that has made great progress in recent years. However, recent studies show that NMT generally produces fluent but inadequate translations (Tu et al. 2016b; Tu et al.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-01-02 Xing Wang , Zhengdong Lu , Zhaopeng Tu , Hang Li , Deyi Xiong , Min Zhang

Neural machine translation (NMT) becomes a new approach to machine translation and generates much more fluent results compared to statistical machine translation (SMT). However, SMT is usually better than NMT in translation adequacy. It is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-04-24 Long Zhou , Wenpeng Hu , Jiajun Zhang , Chengqing Zong

The inaccurate translation of numbers can lead to significant security issues, ranging from financial setbacks to medical inaccuracies. While large language models (LLMs) have made significant advancements in machine translation, their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-10 Wei Tang , Jiawei Yu , Yuang Li , Yanqing Zhao , Weidong Zhang , Wei Feng , Min Zhang , Hao Yang