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As todays world grows with the technology on the other hand it seems to be small with the World Wide Web. With the use of Internet more and more information can be search from the web. When Users fires a query they want relevancy in…
Motivated by questions from program transformations, eight notions of isomorphisms between term rewriting systems are defined, analysed, and classified. The notions include global isomorphisms, where the renaming of variables and function…
To provide a foundation for conceptual modeling, ontologies have been introduced to specify the entities, the existences of which are acknowledged in the model. Ontologies are essential components as mechanisms to model a portion of reality…
The proliferation of ontologies and taxonomies in many domains increasingly demands the integration of multiple such ontologies. The goal of ontology integration is to merge two or more given ontologies in order to provide a unified view on…
The rise of multi-paradigm languages challenges traditional classification methods, leading to practical software engineering issues like interoperability defects. This systematic literature review (SLR) maps the formal foundations of…
Patterns describe proven solutions for recurring problems. Typically, patterns in a particular domain are interrelated and organized in pattern languages. As real-world problems often require patterns of multiple domains, different pattern…
Ontologies such as taxonomies, product catalogs or web directories are heavily used and hence evolve frequently to meet new requirements or to better reflect the current instance data of a domain. To effectively manage the evolution of…
Taxonomies represent hierarchical relations between entities, frequently applied in various software modeling and natural language processing (NLP) activities. They are typically subject to a set of structural constraints restricting their…
Ontologies formalise how the concepts from a given domain are interrelated. Despite their clear potential as a backbone for explainable AI, existing ontologies tend to be highly incomplete, which acts as a significant barrier to their more…
The new era of the Web is known as the semantic Web or the Web of data. The semantic Web depends on ontologies that are seen as one of its pillars. The bigger these ontologies, the greater their exploitation. However, when these ontologies…
In this paper, we describe an approach to populate an existing ontology with instance information present in the natural language text provided as input. An ontology is defined as an explicit conceptualization of a shared domain. This…
The representation of workflows and processes is essential in materials science engineering, where experimental and computational reproducibility depend on structured and semantically coherent process models. Although numerous ontologies…
Conceptual models as representations of real-world systems are based on diverse techniques in various disciplines but lack a framework that provides multidisciplinary ontological understanding of real-world phenomena. Concurrently, systems…
In the knowledge engineering community "ontology" is usually defined in the tradition of Gruber as an "explicit specification of a conceptualization". Several variations of this definition exist. In the paper we argue that (with one notable…
Ontology engineering is a hard and error-prone task, in which small changes may lead to errors, or even produce an inconsistent ontology. As ontologies grow in size, the need for automated methods for repairing inconsistencies while…
Ontologies present an attractive technology for describing bio-medicine, because they can be shared, and have rich computational properties. However, they lack the rich expressivity of English and fit poorly with the current scientific…
There is growing acknowledgement within the software engineering community that a theory of software development is needed to integrate the myriad methodologies that are currently popular, some of which are based on opposing perspectives.…
To investigate the evolution of syntax, we need to ascertain the evolutionary r\^ole of syntax and, before that, the very nature of syntax. Here, we will assume that syntax is computing. And then, since we are computationally Turing…
Over two decades ago a "quite revolution" overwhelmingly replaced knowledgebased approaches in natural language processing (NLP) by quantitative (e.g., statistical, corpus-based, machine learning) methods. Although it is our firm belief…
Ontology embeddings map classes, relations, and individuals in ontologies into $\mathbb{R}^n$, and within $\mathbb{R}^n$ similarity between entities can be computed or new axioms inferred. For ontologies in the Description Logic…