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Multiplicity fluctuations in limited segments of momentum space are calculated for a classical pion gas within the statistical model. Results for the grand canonical, canonical, and micro-canonical ensemble are obtained, compared and…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 Michael Hauer

A new family of parameters intended for composition studies in cosmic ray surface array detectors is proposed. The application of this technique to different array layout designs has been analyzed. The parameters make exclusive use of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-03-19 G. Ros , A. D. Supanitsky , G. A. Medina-Tanco , L. del Peral , J. C. D'Olivo , M. D. Rodríguez-Frías

One of the uncertainties in interpretation of ultra-high energy cosmic ray (UHECR) data comes from the hadronic interaction models used for air shower Monte Carlo (MC) simulations. The number of muons observed at the ground from…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-07-11 Telescope Array Collaboration , R. U. Abbasi , M. Abe , T. Abu-Zayyad , M. Allen , R. Azuma , E. Barcikowski , J. W. Belz , D. R. Bergman , S. A. Blake , R. Cady , B. G. Cheon , J. Chiba , M. Chikawa , A. Di Matteo , T. Fujii , K. Fujita , M. Fukushima , G. Furlich , T. Goto , W. Hanlon , M. Hayashi , Y. Hayashi , N. Hayashida , K. Hibino , K. Honda , D. Ikeda , N. Inoue , T. Ishii , R. Ishimori , H. Ito , D. Ivanov , H. M. Jeong , S. M. Jeong , C. C. H. Jui , K. Kadota , F. Kakimoto , O. Kalashev , K. Kasahara , H. Kawai , S. Kawakami , S. Kawana , K. Kawata , E. Kido , H. B. Kim , J. H. Kim , J. H. Kim , S. Kishigami , S. Kitamura , Y. Kitamura , V. Kuzmin , M. Kuznetsov , Y. J. Kwon , K. H. Lee , B. Lubsandorzhiev , J. P. Lundquist , K. Machida , K. Martens , T. Matsuyama , J. N. Matthews , R. Mayta , M. Minamino , K. Mukai , I. Myers , K. Nagasawa , S. Nagataki , R. Nakamura , T. Nakamura , T. Nonaka , H. Oda , S. Ogio , J. Ogura , M. Ohnishi , H. Ohoka , T. Okuda , Y. Omura , M. Ono , R. Onogi , A. Oshima , S. Ozawa , I. H. Park , M. S. Pshirkov , J. Remington , D. C. Rodriguez , G. Rubtsov , D. Ryu , H. Sagawa , R. Sahara , K. Saito , Y. Saito , N. Sakaki , N. Sakurai , L. M. Scott , T. Seki , K. Sekino , P. D. Shah , F. Shibata , T. Shibata , H. Shimodaira , B. K. Shin , H. S. Shin , J. D. Smith , P. Sokolsky , B. T. Stokes , S. R. Stratton , T. A. Stroman , T. Suzawa , Y. Takagi , Y. Takahashi , M. Takamura , M. Takeda , R. Takeishi , A. Taketa , M. Takita , Y. Tameda , H. Tanaka , K. Tanaka , M. Tanaka , S. B. Thomas , G. B. Thomson , P. Tinyakov , I. Tkachev , H. Tokuno , T. Tomida , S. Troitsky , Y. Tsunesada , K. Tsutsumi , Y. Uchihori , S. Udo , F. Urban , T. Wong , M. Yamamoto , R. Yamane , H. Yamaoka , K. Yamazaki , J. Yang , K. Yashiro , Y. Yoneda , S. Yoshida , H. Yoshii , Y. Zhezher , Z. Zundel

The energy spectrum of muons at ground level in air showers are studied and a new observable is proposed to constrain hadronic interaction models used in air shower simulations. An asymmetric Gaussian function is proposed to describe the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2017-07-27 Raul R. Prado , Vitor de Souza

The influence of the geomagnetic field on the development of air showers is studied. The well known International Geomagnetic Reference Field was included in the AIRES air shower simulation program as an auxiliary tool to allow calculating…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 A. Cillis , S. J. Sciutto

Motivated by the excess of the muon content of cosmic ray induced extensive air showers (EAS), relative to EAS modeling, observed by the Pierre Auger Observatory, and by the tension between Auger data and air shower simulations on the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-06-21 Sergey Ostapchenko , Günter Sigl

Surveys with a narrow field-of-view can play an important role in probing cosmology, but inferences from these surveys suffer from large sample variance, arising from random fluctuations around the cosmic mean. The standard method for…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-08-29 Peter Espenshade , Jaiyul Yoo

The muon charge ratio of ultrahigh energy cosmic rays may provide information to detect the composition of the primary cosmic rays. We propose to extract the charge information of high energy muons in very inclined extensive air showers by…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Bo-Qiang Ma

We investigate the impact of the Tsallis non extensive statistics introduced by intrinsic temperature fluctuations in p-Air ultra high energy interactions on observables of cosmic ray showers, such as the slant depth of the maximum Xmax and…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2016-06-14 M. Abrahão , W. G. Dantas , R. M. de Almeida , D. R. Gratieri , T. J. P. Penna

We present a review of atmospheric muon flux and energy spectrum measurements over almost six decades of muon momentum. Sea-level and underground/water/ice experiments are considered. Possible sources of systematic errors in the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2012-08-16 Stefano Cecchini , Maurizio Spurio

Starting from a factorization theorem in effective field theory, we derive a parton-shower equation for the resummation of non-global logarithms. We have implemented this shower and interfaced it with a tree-level event generator to obtain…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2018-09-26 Marcel Balsiger , Thomas Becher , Ding Yu Shao

Muons produced in Extensive Air Showers (EAS) generate ring-like images in Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes when travelling near parallel to the optical axis. From geometrical parameters of these images, the absolute amount of light…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-08-14 A. M. W. Mitchell , V. Marandon , R. D. Parsons

Influence of shower fluctuations on the shape of lateral distribution of electrons in EAS of fixed size measured by scintillation counters is analyzed in framework of scaling formalism. Correction factors for the mean square radius of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2016-12-06 R. I. Raikin , A. A. Lagutin , A. V. Yushkov

In this article we identify the key elements that govern the propagation of muons from the production in extensive air showers to ground. We describe a model based on simple assumptions that propagates the muons starting from the few…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2012-10-01 L. Cazon , R. Conceição , M. Pimenta , E. Santos

Production of muon pairs by high-energy photons in electromagnetic and hadronic showers in atmosphere has been calculated. The effect of muon pair production in hadronic Extensive Air Showers (EAS) is unlikely to be seen by next generation…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-24 V. A. Kudryavtsev

We compute the dominant, logarithmically enhanced radiative corrections to the electron spectrum in the bound muon decay in the whole experimentally interesting range. The corrected spectrum fits well the TWIST results. The remaining…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2016-09-21 Robert Szafron , Andrzej Czarnecki

We study basic characteristics of distributions of the depths of shower maximum in air showers caused by cosmic rays with the highest energies. The consistency between their average values and widths, and their energy dependences are…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2013-09-24 D. Nosek , J. Vicha , J. Noskova , J. Ebr

Recent progress has shown that the geomagnetic field exerts a more significant impact than expected on the behavior of charged secondary particles in inclined air showers. In this study, we for the first time combine it with atmospheric…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-08-27 Si-Zhe Wu , Chao Zhang , Ruo-Yu Liu , Xi-Shui Tian , Zhuo Li

We estimate the beam-normal single-spin asymmetry in elastic lepton-proton scattering without employing the ultrarelativistic approximation. Our calculation is relevant for analyses of muon scattering at energies of few hundred MeV and…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2019-11-28 Oleksandr Koshchii , Andrei Afanasev

The contribution of different components of an air shower to the total energy deposit in the atmosphere, for different angles and primary particles, was studied using the CORSIKA air shower simulation code. The amount of missing energy,…