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We argue that the preferred classical variables that emerge from a pure quantum state are determined by its entanglement structure in the form of redundant records: information shared between many subsystems. Focusing on the early universe,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-12-13 Elliot Nelson , C. Jess Riedel

When the wavefunction of a large quantum system unitarily evolves away from a low-entropy initial state, there is strong circumstantial evidence it develops "branches": a decomposition into orthogonal components that is indistinguishable…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-04-04 C. Jess Riedel

The mechanism of the transition of a dynamical system from quantum to classical mechanics is one of the remaining challenges of quantum theory. Currently, it is considered to occur via decoherence caused by entanglement and/or stochastic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-16 John S. Briggs , James M. Feagin

Understanding fluctuation phenomena plays a dominant role in the development of many-body physics. The time evolution of entanglement is essential to a broad range of subjects in many-body physics, ranging from exotic quantum matter to…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2024-03-06 Lih-King Lim , Cunzhong Lou , Chushun Tian

We analyze the emergence of classical cosmological spacetimes in quantum cosmology by computing the reduced density matrix for long-wavelength curvature perturbations. Starting from standard Hartle--Hawking and tunneling boundary…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-03-19 Ali Nayeri

We clarify the way in which cosmological perturbations of quantum origin, produced during inflation, assume classical properties. Two features play an important role in this process: First, the dynamics of fluctuations which are presently…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-10-26 C. Kiefer , D. Polarski

According to the inflationary scenario, all structure in the Universe can be traced back to quantum fluctuations of the metric and scalar field(s) during inflation. The seeds of this structure can be observed as classical anisotropies in…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Claus Kiefer

The fundamental question of how information spreads in closed quantum many-body systems is often addressed through the lens of the bipartite entanglement entropy, a quantity that describes correlations in a comprehensive (nonlocal) way.…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-06-06 Andrea Pizzi , Daniel Malz , Andreas Nunnenkamp , Johannes Knolle

The classical dynamics of collisionless cold dark matter, commonly described by fluid variables or a phase-space distribution, can be captured in a single semiclassical wavefunction. We illustrate how classical multi-streaming creates wave…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-09-16 Alex Gough , Cora Uhlemann

We show that the quantum wavefunctional can be seen as a set of classical fields on the 3D space aggregated by a measure. We obtain a complete description of the wavefunctional in terms of classical local beables. With this correspondence,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-06-28 Ovidiu Cristinel Stoica

We review recent literature on the connection between quantum entanglement and cosmology, with an emphasis on the context of expanding universes. We discuss recent theoretical results reporting on the production of entanglement in quantum…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-03-20 Eduardo Martin-Martinez , Nicolas C. Menicucci

We integrate numerically the nonlinear equation of motion for a collapsing spherical wavepacket in the context of theories that are expected to display behavior characteristic of classicalization. The classicalization radius sets the scale…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-06-03 J. Rizos , N. Tetradis

The formalism of classical and quantum mechanics on phase space leads to symplectic and Heisenberg group representations, respectively. The Wigner functions give a representation of the quantum system using classical variables. The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Ajay Patwardhan

Quantum entanglement occurs not just in discrete systems such as spins, but also in the spatial wave functions of systems with more than one degree of freedom. It is easy to introduce students to entangled wave functions at an early stage,…

Physics Education · Physics 2017-11-22 Daniel V. Schroeder

One interpretation of how the classical world emerges from an underlying quantum reality involves the build-up of certain robust entanglements between particles due to scattering events [Science Vol.301 p.1081]. This is an appealing view…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-04-26 P. A. Knott , J. Sindt , J. A. Dunningham

Under unitary evolution, a typical macroscopic quantum system is thought to develop wavefunction branches: a time-dependent decomposition into orthogonal components that (1) form a tree structure forward in time, (2) are approximate…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-19 C. Jess Riedel

According to the inflationary scenario of cosmology, all structure in the Universe can be traced back to primordial fluctuations during an accelerated (inflationary) phase of the very early Universe. A conceptual problem arises due to the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2010-04-28 Claus Kiefer , David Polarski

Selection of the preferred classical set of states in the process of decoherence -- so important for cosmological considerations -- is discussed with an emphasis on the role of information loss and entropy. {\it Persistence of correlations}…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Wojciech H. Zurek

We propose a mechanism for the enhancement of vacuum fluctuations by means of a classical field. The basic idea is that if an observable quantity depends quadratically upon a quantum field, such as the electric field, then the application…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-02-08 V. A. De Lorenci , L. H. Ford

The lack of superposition of different position states or the emergence of classicality in macroscopic systems have been a puzzle for decades. Classicality exists in every measuring apparatus, and is the key for understanding what can be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-12-08 Pei Wang
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