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Matrix-vector multiplication is a fundamental building block in neural networks, vector databases, and large language models, particularly during inference. As a result, efficient matrix-vector multiplication engines directly translate into…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Mohsen Dehghankar , Abolfazl Asudeh

Sparse matrix-vector multiplication (SpMV) plays a vital role in various scientific and engineering fields, from scientific computing to machine learning. Traditional general-purpose processors often fall short of their peak performance…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Armin Gerami , Bahar Asgari

General Sparse Matrix-Matrix Multiplication (SpGEMM) has attracted much attention from researchers in graph analyzing, scientific computing, and deep learning. Many optimization techniques have been developed for different applications and…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-07-12 Jianhua Gao , Weixing Ji , Fangli Chang , Shiyu Han , Bingxin Wei , Zeming Liu , Yizhuo Wang

Machine learning (ML) models are widely used in many important domains. For efficiently processing these computational- and memory-intensive applications, tensors of these over-parameterized models are compressed by leveraging sparsity,…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-08-11 Shail Dave , Riyadh Baghdadi , Tony Nowatzki , Sasikanth Avancha , Aviral Shrivastava , Baoxin Li

Kernel machines often yield superior predictive performance on various tasks; however, they suffer from severe computational challenges. In this paper, we show how to overcome the important challenge of speeding up kernel machines. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-08-09 Cho-Jui Hsieh , Si Si , Inderjit S. Dhillon

Distributed Sparse Matrix-Matrix Multiplication (SpMM) is a fundamental operation in high-performance computing and deep learning applications. The major performance bottleneck in distributed SpMM lies in substantial communication overhead,…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Chen Zhuang , Lingqi Zhang , Benjamin Brock , Du Wu , Peng Chen , Toshio Endo , Satoshi Matsuoka , Mohamed Wahib

The growing computational demands of machine learning (ML) workloads have driven the design of ML accelerators aiming at an optimal tradeoff between efficiency and flexibility. A widely explored architecture for flexible ML accelerators is…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Luca Colagrande , Lorenzo Leone , Maximilian Coco , Andrei Deaconeasa , Luca Benini

In computational science and data analytics, many workloads involve irregular and sparse computations that are inherently difficult to optimize for modern hardware. A key kernel is Sparse General Matrix-Matrix Multiplication (SpGEMM), which…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Yifan Li , Giulia Guidi

Sparse matrix operations involve a large number of zero operands which makes most of the operations redundant. The amount of redundancy magnifies when a matrix operation repeatedly executes on sparse data. Optimizing matrix operations for…

Mathematical Software · Computer Science 2023-07-13 Barnali Basak , Uday P. Khedker , Supratim Biswas

Sparse matrix multiplication is an important kernel for large-scale graph processing and other data-intensive applications. In this paper, we implement various asynchronous, RDMA-based sparse times dense (SpMM) and sparse times sparse…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Benjamin Brock , Aydın Buluç , Katherine Yelick

Sparsity is a growing trend in modern DNN models. Existing Sparse-Sparse Matrix Multiplication (SpMSpM) accelerators are tailored to a particular SpMSpM dataflow (i.e., Inner Product, Outer Product or Gustavsons), that determines their…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-01-27 Francisco Muñoz-Martínez , Raveesh Garg , José L. Abellán , Michael Pellauer , Manuel E. Acacio , Tushar Krishna

High-performance sparse matrix-matrix (SpMM) multiplication is paramount for science and industry, as the ever-increasing sizes of data prohibit using dense data structures. Yet, existing hardware, such as Tensor Cores (TC), is ill-suited…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-08-22 Patrik Okanovic , Grzegorz Kwasniewski , Paolo Sylos Labini , Maciej Besta , Flavio Vella , Torsten Hoefler

We propose a new optimization algorithm for Multiple Kernel Learning (MKL) called SpicyMKL, which is applicable to general convex loss functions and general types of regularization. The proposed SpicyMKL iteratively solves smooth…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2011-05-10 Taiji Suzuki , Ryota Tomioka

We propose a new sparse matrix format, PackSELL, designed to support diverse data representations and enable efficient sparse matrix-vector multiplication (SpMV) on GPUs. Building on sliced ELLPACK (SELL), PackSELL incorporates delta…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Kengo Suzuki , Takeshi Iwashita

Sparse matrix-vector multiplication (SpMV) multiplies a sparse matrix with a dense vector. SpMV plays a crucial role in many applications, from graph analytics to deep learning. The random memory accesses of the sparse matrix make…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-05-10 Linghao Song , Yuze Chi , Licheng Guo , Jason Cong

This paper presents an efficient technique for matrix-vector and vector-transpose-matrix multiplication in distributed-memory parallel computing environments, where the matrices are unstructured, sparse, and have a substantially larger…

Mathematical Software · Computer Science 2018-12-04 Jonathan Eckstein , Gyorgy Matyasfalvi

HipMCL is a high-performance distributed memory implementation of the popular Markov Cluster Algorithm (MCL) and can cluster large-scale networks within hours using a few thousand CPU-equipped nodes. It relies on sparse matrix computations…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-02-26 Oguz Selvitopi , Md Taufique Hussain , Ariful Azad , Aydın Buluç

Kernel segmentation aims at partitioning a data sequence into several non-overlapping segments that may have nonlinear and complex structures. In general, it is formulated as a discrete optimization problem with combinatorial constraints. A…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-23 Tung Doan , Atsuhiro Takasu

Ordering vertices of a graph is key to minimize fill-in and data structure size in sparse direct solvers, maximize locality in iterative solvers, and improve performance in graph algorithms. Except for naturally parallelizable ordering…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2016-10-27 Ariful Azad , Mathias Jacquelin , Aydin Buluc , Esmond G. Ng

Sparse matrix representations are ubiquitous in computational science and machine learning, leading to significant reductions in compute time, in comparison to dense representation, for problems that have local connectivity. The adoption of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-13 Nicolas Nytko , Ali Taghibakhshi , Tareq Uz Zaman , Scott MacLachlan , Luke N. Olson , Matt West