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Recently, several methods have been proposed to explain the predictions of recurrent neural networks (RNNs), in particular of LSTMs. The goal of these methods is to understand the network's decisions by assigning to each input variable,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-05 Leila Arras , Ahmed Osman , Klaus-Robert Müller , Wojciech Samek

Today, it is more important than ever before for users to have trust in the models they use. As Machine Learning models fall under increased regulatory scrutiny and begin to see more applications in high-stakes situations, it becomes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-03 William Knauth

Unitary recurrent neural networks (URNNs) have been proposed as a method to overcome the vanishing and exploding gradient problem in modeling data with long-term dependencies. A basic question is how restrictive is the unitary constraint on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-31 M. Emami , M. Sahraee-Ardakan , S. Rangan , A. K. Fletcher

Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN) are widely used to solve a variety of problems and as the quantity of data and the amount of available compute have increased, so have model sizes. The number of parameters in recent state-of-the-art networks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-11-08 Sharan Narang , Erich Elsen , Gregory Diamos , Shubho Sengupta

Recurrent neural networks (RNNs) are very good at modelling the flow of text, but typically need to be trained on a far larger corpus than is available for the PAN 2015 Author Identification task. This paper describes a novel approach where…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-08-17 Douglas Bagnall

Many machine learning tasks can be expressed as the transformation---or \emph{transduction}---of input sequences into output sequences: speech recognition, machine translation, protein secondary structure prediction and text-to-speech to…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2012-11-16 Alex Graves

Physical Neural Networks (PNN) are promising platforms for next-generation computing systems. However, recent advances in digital neural network performance are largely driven by the rapid growth in the number of trainable parameters and,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Kohei Tsuchiyama , Andre Roehm , Takatomo Mihana , Ryoichi Horisaki

Recurrent neural networks are a powerful means to cope with time series. We show how autoregressive linear, i.e., linearly activated recurrent neural networks (LRNNs) can approximate any time-dependent function f(t). The approximation can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Frieder Stolzenburg , Sandra Litz , Olivia Michael , Oliver Obst

Characterizing the computational power of neural network architectures in terms of formal language theory remains a crucial line of research, as it describes lower and upper bounds on the reasoning capabilities of modern AI. However, when…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Alexandra Butoi , Ghazal Khalighinejad , Anej Svete , Josef Valvoda , Ryan Cotterell , Brian DuSell

Neural Tensor Networks (NTNs), which are structured to encode the degree of relationship among pairs of entities, are used in Logic Tensor Networks (LTNs) to facilitate Statistical Relational Learning (SRL) in first-order logic. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-07 Jinyung Hong , Theodore P. Pavlic

Much of the recent research on solving iterative inference problems focuses on moving away from hand-chosen inference algorithms and towards learned inference. In the latter, the inference process is unrolled in time and interpreted as a…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2017-06-14 Patrick Putzky , Max Welling

Recurrent neural networks (RNNs) such as Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) networks have become popular in a variety of applications such as image processing, data classification, speech recognition, and as controllers in autonomous systems. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-21 Sara Mohammadinejad , Brandon Paulsen , Chao Wang , Jyotirmoy V. Deshmukh

While a diverse collection of continual learning (CL) methods has been proposed to prevent catastrophic forgetting, a thorough investigation of their effectiveness for processing sequential data with recurrent neural networks (RNNs) is…

Neural networks achieve outstanding accuracy in classification and regression tasks. However, understanding their behavior still remains an open challenge that requires questions to be addressed on the robustness, explainability and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-13 Anna-Kathrin Kopetzki , Stephan Günnemann

Neural networks have been used prominently in several machine learning and statistics applications. In general, the underlying optimization of neural networks is non-convex which makes their performance analysis challenging. In this paper,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-10-09 Soheil Feizi , Hamid Javadi , Jesse Zhang , David Tse

We investigate the complexity of the reachability problem for (deep) neural networks: does it compute valid output given some valid input? It was recently claimed that the problem is NP-complete for general neural networks and conjunctive…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2022-03-16 Marco Sälzer , Martin Lange

Much of the information the brain processes and stores is temporal in nature - a spoken word or a handwritten signature, for example, is defined by how it unfolds in time. However, it remains unclear how neural circuits encode complex…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2017-08-15 Vishwa Goudar , Dean Buonomano

In an ever expanding set of research and application areas, deep neural networks (DNNs) set the bar for algorithm performance. However, depending upon additional constraints such as processing power and execution time limits, or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-22 Nathan Dahlin , Krishna Chaitanya Kalagarla , Nikhil Naik , Rahul Jain , Pierluigi Nuzzo

Recurrent neural networks (RNNs) have been used extensively and with increasing success to model various types of sequential data. Much of this progress has been achieved through devising recurrent units and architectures with the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-03-06 Yacine Jernite , Edouard Grave , Armand Joulin , Tomas Mikolov

Hierarchical structures exist in both linguistics and Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks. How to design RNNs to learn hierarchical representations of natural languages remains a long-standing challenge. In this paper, we define two…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-07 Zhaoxin Luo , Michael Zhu