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This paper explores the practical approach to portfolio selection methods for investments. The study delves into portfolio theory, discussing concepts such as expected return, variance, asset correlation, and opportunity sets. It also…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2024-10-16 Carlos Minutti-Martinez

According to recent findings [1,2], empirical covariance matrices deduced from financial return series contain such a high amount of noise that, apart from a few large eigenvalues and the corresponding eigenvectors, their structure can…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-07 Szilard Pafka , Imre Kondor

In portfolio risk minimization, the inverse covariance matrix of returns is often unknown and has to be estimated in practice. This inverse covariance matrix also prescribes the hedge trades in which a stock is hedged by all the other…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2024-07-15 Lim Hao Shen Keith

We introduce a novel covariance estimator for portfolio selection that adapts to the non-stationary or persistent heteroskedastic environments of financial time series by employing exponentially weighted averages and nonlinearly shrinking…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-01-23 Vincent Tan , Stefan Zohren

Modeling and managing portfolio risk is perhaps the most important step to achieve growing and preserving investment performance. Within the modern portfolio construction framework that built on Markowitz's theory, the covariance matrix of…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2021-10-28 Hengxu Lin , Dong Zhou , Weiqing Liu , Jiang Bian

Asset allocation is an investment strategy that aims to balance risk and reward by constantly redistributing the portfolio's assets according to certain goals, risk tolerance, and investment horizon. Unfortunately, there is no simple…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2022-08-16 Ricard Durall

We consider the issue of solution uniqueness for portfolio optimization problem and its inverse for asset returns with a finite number of possible scenarios. The risk is assessed by deviation measures introduced by [Rockafellar et al.,…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2020-10-09 Bogdan Grechuk , Andrzej Palczewski , Jan Palczewski

We introduce a method for describing eigenvalue distributions of correlation matrices from multidimensional time series. Using our newly developed matrix H theory, we improve the description of eigenvalue spectra for empirical correlation…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2025-12-01 Luan M. T. de Moraes , Antônio M. S. Macêdo , Giovani L. Vasconcelos , Raydonal Ospina

Selecting the optimal Markowitz porfolio depends on estimating the covariance matrix of the returns of $N$ assets from $T$ periods of historical data. Problematically, $N$ is typically of the same order as $T$, which makes the sample…

Applications · Statistics 2020-12-29 Raj Agrawal , Uma Roy , Caroline Uhler

Fixed income has received far less attention than equity portfolio optimisation since Markowitz' original work of 1952, partly as a result of the need to model rates and credit risk. We argue that the shape of the efficient frontier is…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2020-04-07 Richard J. Martin

We consider the problem of portfolio selection within the classical Markowitz mean-variance framework, reformulated as a constrained least-squares regression problem. We propose to add to the objective function a penalty proportional to the…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2013-01-01 Joshua Brodie , Ingrid Daubechies , Christine De Mol , Domenico Giannone , Ignace Loris

Optimal capital allocation between different assets is an important financial problem, which is generally framed as the portfolio optimization problem. General models include the single-period and multi-period cases. The traditional…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2019-03-18 Masoud Fekri , Babak Barazandeh

In the existing financial literature, entropy based ideas have been proposed in portfolio optimization, in model calibration for options pricing as well as in ascertaining a pricing measure in incomplete markets. The abstracted problem…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2012-03-06 Santanu Dey , Sandeep Juneja

We study the design of portfolios under a minimum risk criterion. The performance of the optimized portfolio relies on the accuracy of the estimated covariance matrix of the portfolio asset returns. For large portfolios, the number of…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2016-01-20 Liusha Yang , Romain Couillet , Matthew R. McKay

The popularity of modern portfolio theory has decreased among practitioners because of its unfavorable out-of-sample performance. Estimation errors tend to affect the optimal weight calculation noticeably, especially when a large number of…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2019-10-28 Sven Husmann , Antoniya Shivarova , Rick Steinert

We consider the problem of optimizing a portfolio of financial assets, where the number of assets can be much larger than the number of observations. The optimal portfolio weights require estimating the inverse covariance matrix of excess…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2021-09-29 Anik Burman , Sayantan Banerjee

Recent studies stressed the fact that covariance matrices computed from empirical financial time series appear to contain a high amount of noise. This makes the classical Markowitz Mean-Variance Optimization model unable to correctly…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-03-03 Justo Puerto , Federica Ricca , Moisés Rodríguez-Madrena , Andrea Scozzari

Motivated by recent advances in the spectral theory of auto-covariance matrices, we are led to revisit a reformulation of Markowitz' mean-variance portfolio optimization approach in the time domain. In its simplest incarnation it applies to…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2016-06-22 Peter A. Bebbington , Reimer Kuehn

Since Markowitz's mean-variance framework, optimizing a portfolio that maximizes the profit and minimizes the risk has been ubiquitous in the financial industry. Initially, profit and risk were measured by the first two moments of the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-12 Xiwen Wang , Rui Zhou , Jiaxi Ying , Daniel P. Palomar

In his famous paper, Markowitz (1952) derived the dependence of portfolio random returns on the random returns of its securities. This result allowed Markowitz to obtain his famous expression for portfolio variance. We show that Markowitz's…

General Economics · Economics 2025-08-12 Victor Olkhov