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Ionic solutions are often regarded as fully dissociated ions dispersed in a polar solvent. While this picture holds for dilute solutions, at higher ionic concentrations, oppositely charged ions can associate into dimers, referred to as…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2022-08-04 Ram M. Adar , Tomer Markovich , David Andelman

We consider in this paper random batch interacting particle methods for solving the Poisson-Nernst-Planck (PNP) equations, and thus the Poisson-Boltzmann (PB) equation as the equilibrium, in the external unbounded domain. To justify the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-03-25 Lei Li , Jian-Guo Liu , Yijia Tang

We study finite-difference approximations of both Poisson and Poisson-Boltzmann (PB) electrostatic energy functionals for periodic structures constrained by Gauss' law and a class of local algorithms for minimizing the finite-difference…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-09-25 Bo Li , Qian Yin , Shenggao Zhou

A modified Poisson-Nernst-Planck system in a bounded domain with mixed Dirichlet-Neumann boundary conditions is analyzed. It describes the concentrations of ions immersed in a polar solvent and the correlated electric potential due to the…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2023-05-25 Ansgar Jüngel , Annamaria Massimini

The Debye-H\"uckel equation is a fundamental physical model in chemical thermodynamics that describes the free energy (chemical potential, activity) of an ion in electrolyte solutions at variable salt concentration, temperature, and…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2018-11-14 Chin-Lung Li , Jinn-Liang Liu

A method for deriving quantum kinetic equations with initial correlations is developed on the basis of the nonequilibrium Green's function formalism. The method is applicable to a wide range of correlated initial states described by…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-10-31 V. G. Morozov , G. Röpke

Simulations of the generation of the atomic polarization is necessary for interpreting the second solar spectrum. For this purpose, it is important to rigorously determine the effects of the isotropic collisions with neutral hydrogen on the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-08-24 Moncef Derouich

A novel integral equations approach is applied for studying ion pairing in the restricted primitive model (RPM) electrolyte, i. e., the three point extension (TPE) to the Ornstein-Zernike integral equations. In the TPE approach, the…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2007-05-23 Felipe Jimenez-Angeles , Rene Messina , Christian Holm , Marcelo Lozada-Cassou

We propose a nonlocal Poisson-Fermi model for ionic solvent that includes ion size effects and polarization correlations among water molecules in the calculation of electrostatic potential. It includes the previous Poisson-Fermi models as…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2016-08-03 Dexuan Xie , Jinn-Liang Liu , Bob Eisenberg , L. Ridgway Scott

A representation of polymer self-consistent field theory equivalent to quantum density functional theory is given in terms of non-orthogonal basis sets. Molecular integrals and self-consistent equations for spherically symmetric systems…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2026-02-05 Phil A. LeMaitre , Russell B. Thompson

We study the geometric particle-in-cell methods for an electrostatic hybrid plasma model. In this model, ions are described by the fully kinetic equations, electron density is determined by the Boltzmann relation, and space-charge effects…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-03-26 Yingzhe Li

By implementing the nonlinear Poisson-Boltzmann theory in a cell model, we theoretically investigate the influence of polyelectrolye gel permeability on ion densities and pH deviations inside the cavities of ionic microcapsules. Our…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2015-07-15 Qiyun Tang , Alan R. Denton

A nonlinear Poisson--Boltzmann equation with transmission boundary conditions at the interface between two materials is investigated. The model describes the electrostatic potential generated by a vector of ion concentrations in a periodic…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2018-10-22 Klemens Fellner , Victor Kovtunenko

In order to find the exact form of the electrostatic interaction between two proteins with dissociable charge groups in aqueous solution, we have studied a model system composed of two macroscopic surfaces with charge dissociation sites…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2014-05-16 Natasa Adzic , Rudolf Podgornik

Electrical double layer (EDL) is formed when an electrode is in contact with an electrolyte solution, and is widely used in biophysics, electrochemistry, polymer solution and energy storage. Poisson-Boltzmann (PB) coupled equations provides…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2022-03-02 Cherq Chua , Chun Yun Kee , L. K. Ang , Yee Sin Ang

This paper analyzes various schemes for the Euler-Poisson-Boltzmann (EPB) model of plasma physics. This model consists of the pressureless gas dynamics equations coupled with the Poisson equation and where the Boltzmann relation relates the…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2014-04-08 Pierre Degond , Hailiang Liu , Dominique Savelief , Marie-Hélène Vignal

This work is concerned with the stationary Poisson--Nernst--Planck equation with a large parameter which describes a huge number of ions occupying an electrolytic region. Firstly, we focus on the model with a single specie of positive…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2023-11-20 Jhih-Hong Lyu , Chiun-Chang Lee , Tai-Chia Lin

The combinatorial explosion of empirical parameters in tens of thousands presents a tremendous challenge for extended Debye-H\"uckel models to calculate activity coefficients of aqueous mixtures of most important salts in chemistry. The…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2018-03-14 Jinn-Liang Liu , Bob Eisenberg

We use a recently developed formalism (combining an adiabatic expansion and dynamical mean-field theory) to obtain expressions for isotope effects on electronic properties in correlated systems. As an example we calculate the isotope effect…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2009-11-07 A. Deppeler , A. J. Millis

We develop a double mean-field theory for charged macrogels immersed in electrolyte solutions in the spirit of the cell model approach. We first demonstrate that the equilibrium sampling of a single explicit coarse-grained charged polymer…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2020-04-22 Jonas Landsgesell , David Sean , Patrick Kreissl , Kai Szuttor , Christian Holm