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Phylogenetic networks are leaf-labelled directed acyclic graphs that are used to describe non-treelike evolutionary histories and are thus a generalization of phylogenetic trees. The hybridization number of a phylogenetic network is the sum…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-06-01 Leo van Iersel , Steven Kelk , Nela Lekić , Chris Whidden , Norbert Zeh

Evolutionary histories for species that cross with one another or exchange genetic material can be represented by leaf-labelled, directed graphs called phylogenetic networks. A major challenge in the burgeoning area of phylogenetic networks…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-09-24 Leo van Iersel , Sjors Kole , Vincent Moulton , Leonie Nipius

Reticulate evolution can be modelled using phylogenetic networks. Tree-based networks, which are one of the more general classes of phylogenetic networks, have recently gained eminence for its ability to represent evolutionary histories…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2024-07-15 Joan Carles Pons , Pau Vives López , Yukihiro Murakami , Leo Van Iersel

Galled trees are studied as a recombination model in theoretic population genetics. This class of phylogenetic networks has been generalized to tree-child networks, normal networks and tree-based networks by relaxing a structural condition.…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2019-08-05 Louxin Zhang

In the context of reconstructing phylogenetic networks from a collection of phylogenetic trees, several characterisations and subsequently algorithms have been established to reconstruct a phylogenetic network that collectively embeds all…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-08-21 Janosch Döcker , Simone Linz , Charles Semple

Phylogenetics is a branch of computational biology that studies the evolutionary relationships among biological entities. Its long history and numerous applications notwithstanding, inference of phylogenetic trees from sequence data remains…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2024-03-26 Mingyang Zhou , Zichao Yan , Elliot Layne , Nikolay Malkin , Dinghuai Zhang , Moksh Jain , Mathieu Blanchette , Yoshua Bengio

Ranked tree-child networks are a recently introduced class of rooted phylogenetic networks in which the evolutionary events represented by the network are ordered so as to respect the flow of time. This class includes the well-studied…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2024-10-15 Vincent Moulton , Andreas Spillner

Phylogenetic networks are an important way to represent evolutionary histories that involve reticulations such as hybridization or horizontal gene transfer, yet fundamental questions such as how many networks there are that satisfy certain…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2025-02-21 Andrew Francis , Michael Hendriksen

Phylogenetic trees are widely used to display estimates of how groups of species evolved. Each phylogenetic tree can be seen as a collection of clusters, subgroups of the species that evolved from a common ancestor. When phylogenetic trees…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2009-10-19 Leo van Iersel , Steven Kelk , Regula Rupp , Daniel Huson

Rooted phylogenetic networks are often constructed by combining trees, clusters, triplets or characters into a single network that in some well-defined sense simultaneously represents them all. We review these four models and investigate…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2010-04-30 Leo van Iersel , Steven Kelk

Invariants for complicated objects such as those arising in phylogenetics, whether they are invariants as matrices, polynomials, or other mathematical structures, are important tools for distinguishing and working with such objects. In this…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2022-04-06 Joan Carles Pons , Tomás M. Coronado , Michael Hendriksen , Andrew Francis

Phylogenetic networks are mathematical structures for modeling and visualization of reticulation processes in the study of evolution. Galled networks, reticulation visible networks, nearly-stable networks and stable-child networks are the…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2015-10-02 Andreas D. M. Gunawan , Louxin Zhang

A phylogenetic network is a directed acyclic graph that visualises an evolutionary history containing so-called reticulations such as recombinations, hybridisations or lateral gene transfers. Here we consider the construction of a simplest…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2008-05-16 Leo van Iersel , Steven Kelk

Phylogenetic networks extend phylogenetic trees to model non-vertical inheritance, by which a lineage inherits material from multiple parents. The computational complexity of estimating phylogenetic networks from genome-wide data with…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2022-06-28 Jingcheng Xu , Cécile Ané

The ongoing explosion of genome sequence data is transforming how we reconstruct and understand the histories of biological systems. Across biological scales, from individual cells to populations and species, trees-based models provide a…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2025-12-08 Yun Deng , Shing H. Zhan , Yulin Zhang , Chao Zhang , Bingjie Chen

Phylogenetic networks are used to study evolutionary relationships between species in biology. Such networks are often categorized into classes by their topological features, which stem from both biological and computational motivations. We…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-04-17 Leo van Iersel , Remie Janssen , Mark Jones , Yukihiro Murakami , Norbert Zeh

Phylogenetic networks provide a general framework for modeling reticulate evolutionary processes such as hybridization, recombination, and horizontal gene transfer. In this paper, we study the asymptotic counting of binary phylogenetic…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2026-05-25 Hao Yu , Louxin Zhang

A phylogenetic network is a graph-theoretical tool that is used by biologists to represent the evolutionary history of a collection of species. One potential way of constructing such networks is via a distance-based approach, where one is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-06-15 Leo van Iersel , Vincent Moulton , Yukihiro Murakami

Phylogenetic networks are a generalization of phylogenetic trees that allow for the representation of non-treelike evolutionary events, like recombination, hybridization, or lateral gene transfer. In a recent series of papers devoted to the…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2007-07-17 Gabriel Cardona , Francesc Rossello , Gabriel Valiente

It has remained an open question for some time whether, given a set of not necessarily binary (i.e. "nonbinary") trees T on a set of taxa X, it is possible to determine in time f(r).poly(m) whether there exists a phylogenetic network that…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2012-08-03 Steven Kelk , Celine Scornavacca
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