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Connectionist temporal classification (CTC) provides an end-to-end acoustic model (AM) training strategy. CTC learns accurate AMs without time-aligned phonetic transcription, but sometimes fails to converge, especially in…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-02-28 Di He , Xuesong Yang , Boon Pang Lim , Yi Liang , Mark Hasegawa-Johnson , Deming Chen

The development of resource-constrained approaches to automatic speech recognition (ASR) is of great interest due to its broad applicability to many low-resource languages for which there is scant usable data. Existing approaches to many…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Emma Rafkin , Dan DeGenaro , Xiulin Yang

Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) plays a crucial role in voice-based applications. For applications requiring real-time feedback like Voice Search, streaming capability becomes vital. While LSTM/RNN and CTC based ASR systems are commonly…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-05-31 Abhinav Goyal , Nikesh Garera

In this paper we introduce various techniques to improve the performance of electroencephalography (EEG) features based continuous speech recognition (CSR) systems. A connectionist temporal classification (CTC) based automatic speech…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-12-25 Gautam Krishna , Co Tran , Mason Carnahan , Yan Han , Ahmed H Tewfik

Temporal connectionist temporal classification (CTC)-based automatic speech recognition (ASR) is one of the most successful end to end (E2E) ASR frameworks. However, due to the token independence assumption in decoding, an external language…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-26 Xugang Lu , Peng Shen , Yu Tsao , Hisashi Kawai

Contextual ASR or hotword customization holds substantial practical value. Despite the impressive performance of current end-to-end (E2E) automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems, they often face challenges in accurately recognizing rare…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-12 Guanrou Yang , Ziyang Ma , Zhifu Gao , Shiliang Zhang , Xie Chen

Research on multilingual speech recognition remains attractive yet challenging. Recent studies focus on learning shared structures under the multi-task paradigm, in particular a feature sharing structure. This approach has been found…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-09-28 Zhiyuan Tang , Lantian Li , Dong Wang

The pervasiveness of intra-utterance code-switching (CS) in spoken content requires that speech recognition (ASR) systems handle mixed language. Designing a CS-ASR system has many challenges, mainly due to data scarcity, grammatical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-01-12 Amir Hussein , Shammur Absar Chowdhury , Ahmed Abdelali , Najim Dehak , Ahmed Ali , Sanjeev Khudanpur

Combination approaches for speech recognition (ASR) systems cover structured sentence-level or word-based merging techniques as well as combination of model scores during beam search. In this work, we compare model combination across…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Noureldin Bayoumi , Robin Schmitt , Tina Raissi , Albert Zeyer , Ralf Schlüter , Hermann Ney

Recent advances in text-to-speech (TTS) led to the development of flexible multi-speaker end-to-end TTS systems. We extend state-of-the-art attention-based automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems with synthetic audio generated by a TTS…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-02-18 Nick Rossenbach , Albert Zeyer , Ralf Schlüter , Hermann Ney

Recently, data-driven based Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) systems have achieved state-of-the-art results. And transfer learning is often used when those existing systems are adapted to the target domain, e.g., fine-tuning, retraining.…

Sound · Computer Science 2019-04-18 Jiabin Xue , Jiqing Han , Tieran Zheng , Xiang Gao , Jiaxing Guo

We present a state-of-the-art end-to-end Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) model. We learn to listen and write characters with a joint Connectionist Temporal Classification (CTC) and attention-based encoder-decoder network. The encoder is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-06-12 Takaaki Hori , Shinji Watanabe , Yu Zhang , William Chan

The idea of combining multiple languages' recordings to train a single automatic speech recognition (ASR) model brings the promise of the emergence of universal speech representation. Recently, a Transformer encoder-decoder model has been…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-08 Siyuan Feng , Piotr Żelasko , Laureano Moro-Velázquez , Ali Abavisani , Mark Hasegawa-Johnson , Odette Scharenborg , Najim Dehak

Multilingual speech processing with self-supervised or supervised pre-trained Speech Foundation Models (SFM) has achieved strong performance on tasks like Language Identification (LID) and Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR). However, these…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Qingzheng Wang , Jiancheng Sun , Yifan Peng , Shinji Watanabe

Connectionist temporal classification (CTC) -based models are attractive because of their fast inference in automatic speech recognition (ASR). Language model (LM) integration approaches such as shallow fusion and rescoring can improve the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-09-07 Hayato Futami , Hirofumi Inaguma , Masato Mimura , Shinsuke Sakai , Tatsuya Kawahara

This paper investigates the applications of various multilingual approaches developed in conventional hidden Markov model (HMM) systems to sequence-to-sequence (seq2seq) automatic speech recognition (ASR). On a set composed of Babel data,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-11-09 Martin Karafiát , Murali Karthick Baskar , Shinji Watanabe , Takaaki Hori , Matthew Wiesner , Jan "Honza'' Černocký

Non-autoregressive (NAR) models for automatic speech recognition (ASR) aim to achieve high accuracy and fast inference by simplifying the autoregressive (AR) generation process of conventional models. Connectionist temporal classification…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-29 Yuya Fujita , Shinji Watanabe , Xuankai Chang , Takashi Maekaku

This review paper provides a comprehensive analysis of recent advances in automatic speech recognition (ASR) with bidirectional encoder representations from transformers BERT and connectionist temporal classification (CTC) transformers. The…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Noussaiba Djeffal , Hamza Kheddar , Djamel Addou , Ahmed Cherif Mazari , Yassine Himeur

Accents, as variations from standard pronunciation, pose significant challenges for speech recognition systems. Although joint automatic speech recognition (ASR) and accent recognition (AR) training has been proven effective in handling…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-11-20 Qijie Shao , Pengcheng Guo , Jinghao Yan , Pengfei Hu , Lei Xie

Techniques for multi-lingual and cross-lingual speech recognition can help in low resource scenarios, to bootstrap systems and enable analysis of new languages and domains. End-to-end approaches, in particular sequence-based techniques, are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-03-08 Siddharth Dalmia , Ramon Sanabria , Florian Metze , Alan W. Black
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