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Recently, it has become evident that submodularity naturally captures widely occurring concepts in machine learning, signal processing and computer vision. Consequently, there is need for efficient optimization procedures for submodular…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-11-19 Stefanie Jegelka , Francis Bach , Suvrit Sra

We propose RT (Refine Thought), a method that can enhance the semantic rea-soning ability of text embedding models. The method obtains the final semanticrepresentation by running multiple forward passes of the text embedding…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Guangzhi Wang , Kai Li , Yinghao Jiao , Zhi Liu

Refinement types -- types qualified with logical predicates -- have proven effective for lightweight verification in languages like Liquid Haskell, F*, and Dafny. However, in these systems refinements are either written in a separate…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Matt Bovel , Viktor Kunčak , Martin Odersky

Modularity is the fundamental aspect of modern software engineering, however many advanced modularity techniques requires prospective technologies as part of development and operation process. In this paper, we present Refinable Function,…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2021-09-15 Hiun Kim

We introduce skipping refinement, a new notion of correctness for reasoning about optimized reactive systems. Reasoning about reactive systems using refinement involves defining an abstract, high-level specification system and a concrete,…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-02-11 Mitesh Jain , Panagiotis Manolios

Refinement types enable lightweight verification of functional programs. Algorithms for statically inferring refinement types typically work by reduction to solving systems of constrained Horn clauses extracted from typing derivations. An…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2020-11-11 Zvonimir Pavlinovic , Yusen Su , Thomas Wies

In this work we develop a fully automatic verification procedure of safety properties of Scade programs. We transform each such program into an SMT instance (Satisfiability Modulo Theories) and feed this to a solver. The goal is to have a…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2014-03-13 Henning Basold

Advanced large language models (LLMs) frequently reflect in reasoning chain-of-thoughts (CoTs), where they self-verify the correctness of current solutions and explore alternatives. However, given recent findings that LLMs detect limited…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Zhongwei Yu , Wannian Xia , Xue Yan , Bo Xu , Haifeng Zhang , Yali Du , Jun Wang

Liquid typing provides a decidable refinement inference mechanism that is convenient but subject to two major issues: (1) inference is global and requires top-level annotations, making it unsuitable for inference of modular code components…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2019-10-31 Niki Vazou , Éric Tanter , David Van Horn

Refinement types sharpen systems of simple and dependent types by offering expressive means to more precisely classify well-typed terms. We present a system of refinement types for LF in the style of recent formulations where only canonical…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2015-07-01 William Lovas , Frank Pfenning

A desired but challenging property of compiler verification is compositionality, in the sense that the compilation correctness of a program can be deduced incrementally from that of its substructures ranging from statements, functions, and…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Zhang Cheng , Jiyang Wu , Di Wang , Qinxiang Cao

The CEGAR loop in software model checking notoriously diverges when the abstraction refinement procedure does not derive a loop invariant. An abstraction refinement procedure based on an SMT solver is applied to a trace, i.e., a restricted…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2017-02-09 Marius Greitschus , Daniel Dietsch , Andreas Podelski

Relational program verification is a variant of program verification where one can reason about two programs and as a special case about two executions of a single program on different inputs. Relational program verification can be used for…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2019-10-23 Alejandro Aguirre , Gilles Barthe , Marco Gaboardi , Deepak Garg , Pierre-Yves Strub

The pattern-match safety problem is to verify that a given functional program will never crash due to non-exhaustive patterns in its function definitions. We present a refinement type system that can be used to solve this problem. The…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2020-11-26 Eddie Jones , Steven Ramsay

Despite the remarkable capabilities of large language models (LLMs) in natural language understanding and reasoning, they often display undesirable behaviors, such as generating hallucinations and unfaithful reasoning. A prevalent strategy…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-19 Yaoke Wang , Yun Zhu , Xintong Bao , Wenqiao Zhang , Suyang Dai , Kehan Chen , Wenqiang Li , Gang Huang , Siliang Tang , Yueting Zhuang

The prevalence of fake news on social media demands automated fact-checking systems to provide accurate verdicts with faithful explanations. However, existing large language model (LLM)-based approaches ignore deceptive misinformation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Chuyi Kong , Gao Wei , Jing Ma , Hongzhan Lin , Yuxi Sun

Stepwise refinement of algebraic specifications is a well known formal methodology for program development. However, traditional notions of refinement based on signature morphisms are often too rigid to capture a number of relevant…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-07-01 Manuel A. Martins , Alexandre Madeira , Luis S. Barbosa

The work presented in this thesis seeks to improve programmer productivity in the following ways: - by reducing the amount of code that has to be written to construct an application; - by increasing the reliability of the code written; and…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2010-06-18 Graham Kirby

This dissertation introduces executable refinement types, which refine structural types by semi-decidable predicates, and establishes their metatheory and accompanying implementation techniques. These results are useful for undecidable type…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2014-03-14 Kenneth Knowles

Program synthesis is the task of automatically deriving a program that has been specified by a user in advance. Combining automated theorem proving with program synthesis enables the automated construction of proven-to-be-correct programs,…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Márton Hajdu , Petra Hozzová , Laura Kovács , Eva Maria Wagner