Related papers: Human Exposure to RF Fields in 5G Downlink
Out of the very few studies that paid proper attention to the harmful health impacts in millimeter-wave (mmW) communications, most of them are concerned about uplink cases due to closer contact with the human body. Our recent study revealed…
While research on communications at frequencies above 6 gigahertz (GHz) has been primarily confined to performance improvement, their potentially harmful impacts on human health are not studied as significantly. Most of the existing studies…
Concern has been widely acknowledged about human health---e.g., heating of the eyes and skin--from exposure to electromagnetic fields (EMF) produced by wireless transmitters. Mobile telecommunications rely on an extensive network of base…
The fifth-generation wireless (5G) has already started showing its capability to achieve extremely fast data transfer, which makes itself considered to be a promising mobile technology. However, concerns have been raised on adverse health…
This paper proposes a cellular network exploiting millimeter-wave (mmWave) and ultra-densified base stations (BSs) to achieve the far-reaching 5G aim in downlink average rate. The mmWave overlaid network however incurs a pitfall that its…
Installing more base stations (BSs) into the existing cellular infrastructure is an essential way to provide greater network capacity and higher data rate in the 5th-generation cellular networks (5G). However, a non-negligible amount of…
New wireless mobile technology has been released every ten years, improving previous generations' facilities. Even though 5G supports many services on demand nowadays, its higher radiation increases the queries about the safety of humans…
The concern on human health is often overseen while wearable technologies attract exploding interests. Mainly due to the extreme proximity or a direct physical contact to the human skin, wearable communications devices are acknowledged to…
A major concern regarding wearable communications is human biological safety under exposure to radio frequency (RF) radiation generated by wearable devices. The biggest challenge in the implementation of wearable devices is to reduce the…
The millimeter-wave bands have been attracting significant interest as a means to achieve major improvements in data rates and network efficiencies. One significant limitation for use of the millimeter-wave bands for cellular communication…
The 5G New Radio NR technology is under standardization process by 3GPP to provide outline for a new radio interface for the next generation of cellular networks. The aim of the 5G networks include not only to provide enhanced capacity…
Millimeter wave (mmWave) links will offer high capacity but are poor at penetrating into or diffracting around solid objects. Thus, we consider a hybrid cellular network with traditional sub 6 GHz macrocells coexisting with denser mmWave…
With the proliferation of 5G wireless networks, the population is increasingly exposed to frequencies approaching the millimeter-wave (mmW) range. Human ears are among the most exposed body parts. This paper proposes an analysis of the ear…
Fifth-generation (5G) cellular networks are expected to exhibit at least three primary physical-layer differences relative to fourth-generation ones: millimeter-wave propagation, massive antenna arrays, and densification of base stations.…
With the occupancy of the existing frequency spectrum the demands of the skyrocketing data traffic paved the path for 5G millimeter Wave (mmWave) technology. The wide frequency spectrum and high directivity can elevate the mean data rate.…
The careful planning and safe deployment of 5G technologies will bring enormous benefits to society and the economy. Higher frequency, beamforming, and small-cells are key technologies that will provide unmatched throughput and seamless…
The rolling-out of 5G antennas over the territory is a fundamental step to provide 5G connectivity. However, little efforts have been done so far on the exposure assessment from 5G cellular towers over young people and "sensitive"…
What does millimeter-wave (mmW) seek assistance for from micro-wave ({\mu}W) in a mmW overlaid 5G cellular network? This paper raises the question of whether to complement downlink (DL) or uplink (UL) transmissions, and concludes that…
The forthcoming 5G cellular network is expected to overlay millimeter-wave (mmW) transmissions with the incumbent micro-wave ({\mu}W) architecture. The overall mm-{\mu}W resource management should therefore harmonize with each other. This…
The use of extremely high frequency (EHF) or millimeter-wave (mmWave) band has attracted significant attention for the next generation wireless access networks. As demonstrated by recent measurements, mmWave frequencies render themselves…