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The question whether P equals NP revolves around the discrepancy between active production and mere verification by Turing machines. In this paper, we examine the analogous problem for finite transducers and automata. Every nondeterministic…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2021-05-03 Elisabet Burjons , Fabian Frei , Martin Raszyk

We introduce functorial language models: a principled way to compute probability distributions over word sequences given a monoidal functor from grammar to meaning. This yields a method for training categorical compositional distributional…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-29 Alexis Toumi , Alex Koziell-Pipe

We define a class of languages of infinite words over infinite alphabets, and the corresponding automata. The automata used for recognition are a generalisation of deterministic Muller automata to the setting of nominal sets. Remarkably,…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2013-10-16 Vincenzo Ciancia , Matteo Sammartino

We introduce homing vector automata, which are finite automata augmented by a vector that is multiplied at each step by a matrix determined by the current transition, and have to return the vector to its original setting in order to accept…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2015-09-21 Özlem Salehi , A. C. Cem Say

We introduce a framework for automatic differentiation with weighted finite-state transducers (WFSTs) allowing them to be used dynamically at training time. Through the separation of graphs from operations on graphs, this framework enables…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-05 Awni Hannun , Vineel Pratap , Jacob Kahn , Wei-Ning Hsu

We introduce layered automata, a subclass of alternating parity automata that generalises deterministic automata. Assuming a consistency property, these automata are history deterministic and 0-1 probabilistic. We show that every…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Antonio Casares , Christof Löding , Igor Walukiewicz

Terminology correctness is important in the downstream application of machine translation, and a prevalent way to ensure this is to inject terminology constraints into a translation system. In our submission to the WMT 2023 terminology…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Nikolay Bogoychev , Pinzhen Chen

Automated terminology extraction refers to the task of extracting meaningful terms from domain-specific texts. This paper proposes a novel machine learning approach to terminology extraction, which combines features from traditional term…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Andraž Repar , Nada Lavrač , Senja Pollak

A finite automaton is called bideterministic if it is both deterministic and codeterministic -- that is, if it is deterministic and its transpose is deterministic as well. The study of such automata in a weighted setting is initiated. All…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2023-10-02 Peter Kostolányi

Transducers generalise automata by producing output word(s) for each input word, thereby defining a relation over words. A transducer is said to be finite-valued if, for every input word, it produces at most $k$ output words, for some…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Prince Mathew , Saina Sunny

This report is mostly written for educational purposes. It is meant as a self contained introduction to regular languages, regular expressions, and regular expression matching by using Brzozowski derivatives. As such it is mostly based on…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2019-08-01 Ola Wingbrant

We propose a method for automatically generating abstract transformers for static analysis by abstract interpretation. The method focuses on linear constraints on programs operating on rational, real or floating-point variables and…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2008-11-04 David Monniaux

We introduce tree stack automata as a new class of automata with storage and identify a restricted form of tree stack automata that recognises exactly the multiple context-free languages.

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2016-09-26 Tobias Denkinger

We introduce a notion of synchronization for higher-dimensional automata, based on coskeletons of cubical sets. Categorification transports this notion to the setting of categorical transition systems. We apply the results to study the…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Krzysztof Worytkiewicz

The theory of computation is based on abstract computing automata which can be classified into a three-class hierarchy: Finite Automata (FA), Push-down Automata (PDA) and the Turing Machines (TM). Each class corresponds to grammar/language…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2019-03-12 Marta Duenas-Diez , Juan Perez-Mercader

Distributed automata are finite-state machines that operate on finite directed graphs. Acting as synchronous distributed algorithms, they use their input graph as a network in which identical processors communicate for a possibly infinite…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2018-12-21 Fabian Reiter

Rational word languages can be defined by several equivalent means: finite state automata, rational expressions, finite congruences, or monadic second-order (MSO) logic. The robust subclass of aperiodic languages is defined by: counter-free…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Emmanuel Filiot , Olivier Gauwin , Nathan Lhote

In this paper we establish an abstraction of on-the-fly determinization of finite-state automata using transition monoids and demonstrate how it can be applied to bound the asymptotics. We present algebraic and combinatorial properties that…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2023-08-29 Ivan Baburin , Ryan Cotterell

Colcombet and Petri\c{s}an argued that automata may be usefully considered from a functorial perspective, introducing a general notion of "V-automaton" based on functors into V. This enables them to recover different standard notions of…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2025-09-26 Thea Li

The powerset construction is a standard method for converting a nondeterministic automaton into a deterministic one recognizing the same language. In this paper, we lift the powerset construction from automata to the more general framework…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-07-01 Alexandra Silva , Filippo Bonchi , Marcello Bonsangue , Jan Rutten
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