Related papers: About thermometers and temperature
The temperature of a physical system is operationally defined in physics as "that quantity which is measured by a thermometer" weakly coupled to, and at equilibrium with the system. This definition is unique only at global equilibrium in…
We study thermodynamic processes in contact with a heat bath that may have an arbitrary time-varying periodic temperature profile. Within the framework of stochastic thermodynamics, and for models of thermo-dynamic engines in the idealized…
Quantum annealers are emerging as programmable, dynamical experimental platforms for probing strongly correlated spin systems. Yet key thermal assumptions, chiefly a Gibbs-distributed output ensemble, remain unverified in the large-scale…
The numerical investigation of the statics and dynamics of systems in nonequilibrium in general, and under shear flow in particular, has become more and more common. However, not all the numerical methods developed to simulate equilibrium…
The minimal set of thermodynamic control parameters consists of a statistical (thermal) and a mechanical one. These suffice to introduce all the pertinent thermodynamic variables; thermodynamic processes can then be defined as paths on this…
The energy of a finite system thermally connected to a thermal reservoir may fluctuate, while the temperature is a constant representing a thermodynamic property of the reservoir. The finite system can also be used as a thermometer for the…
A nonequilibrium distribution function of microscopic thermal current is studied by a direct numerical simulation in a thermal conducting steady state of particle systems. Two characteristic temperatures of the thermal current are…
We investigate the effective temperature of a harmonic chain whose two ends are coupled to two baths at different temperatures. We propose to take the weighted average temperature as the effective temperature of the system. The weight…
We compare two effective phonon theories, which have both been applied recently to study heat conduction in anharmonic lattices. In particular, we study the temperature dependence of the thermal conductivity of the Fermi-Pasta-Ulam model…
When a non-integrable system evolves out of equilibrium for a long time, local observables are expected to attain stationary expectation values, independent of the details of the initial state. However, intriguing experimental results with…
The foundations of weak turbulence theory is explored through its application to the (alpha) Fermi-Pasta-Ulam (FPU) model, a simple weakly nonlinear dispersive system. A direct application of the standard kinetic equations would miss…
We introduce a temperature-dependent parameterization in the modified embedded-atom method and combine it with molecular dynamics to simulate the diverse physical properties of the \delta - and \epsilon - phases of elemental plutonium. The…
Optomechanical thermometry is a precise and reference-free method to measure absolute temperature. While pumping high optical power is needed to overcome noise and reduce the integration time, there is actually an upper limit to the useful…
The extent to which a temperature can be appropriately assigned to a small quantum system, as an internal property but not as a property of any large environment, is still an open problem. In this paper, a method is proposed for solving…
This study investigates the thermal properties of the repulsive Fermi-Hubbard model with chemical potential using variational quantum algorithms, crucial in comprehending particle behaviour within lattices at high temperatures in condensed…
The emergence of statistical mechanics from quantum dynamics is a central problem in quantum many-body physics. Deriving observables aligned with the prediction of the canonical ensemble for a quantum system relies on the presence of a bath…
Trapped and cooled gases of alkali atoms can be manipulated to exhibit a variety of interesting phenomena. For example, dilute gases of fermionic atoms, in 2 hyperfine states, can be cooled to temperatures where they become superfluid. An…
Theoretical treatments of periodically-driven quantum thermal machines (PD-QTMs) are largely focused on the limit-cycle stage of operation characterized by a periodic state of the system. Yet, this regime is not immediately accessible for…
We argue that thermal machines can be understood from the perspective of `virtual qubits' at `virtual temperatures': The relevant way to view the two heat baths which drive a thermal machine is as a composite system. Virtual qubits are…
In this letter we report numerical results giving, as a function of time, the energy fluctuation of a Fermi-Pasta-Ulam system in dynamical contact with a heat bath, the initial data of the FPU system being extracted from a Gibbs…