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Probabilistic operational semantics for a nondeterministic extension of pure lambda calculus is studied. In this semantics, a term evaluates to a (finite or infinite) distribution of values. Small-step and big-step semantics are both…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2011-06-28 Ugo Dal Lago , Margherita Zorzi

Process calculi and graph transformation systems provide models of reactive systems with labelled transition semantics. While the semantics for process calculi is compositional, this is not the case for graph transformation systems, in…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2011-08-03 Andrei Dorman , Tobias Heindel

In probabilistic programming, the inference problem asks to determine a program's posterior distribution conditioned on its "observe" instructions. Inference is challenging, especially when exact rather than approximate results are…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Dominik Geißler , Tobias Winkler

There is much interest in providing probabilistic semantics for defaults but most approaches seem to suffer from one of two problems: either they require numbers, a problem defaults were intended to avoid, or they generate peculiar side…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-04-10 Eric Neufeld , David L Poole

Probabilistic logic programming is increasingly important in artificial intelligence and related fields as a formalism to reason about uncertainty. It generalises logic programming with the possibility of annotating clauses with…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Tao Gu , Fabio Zanasi

We propose a logical/mathematical framework for statistical parameter learning of parameterized logic programs, i.e. definite clause programs containing probabilistic facts with a parameterized distribution. It extends the traditional least…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2011-08-26 T. Sato , Y. Kameya

Probabilistic program analysis aims to quantify the probability that a given program satisfies a required property. It has many potential applications, from program understanding and debugging to computing program reliability, compiler…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2017-09-08 Aleksandar S. Dimovski

We tackle the problem of conditioning probabilistic programs on distributions of observable variables. Probabilistic programs are usually conditioned on samples from the joint data distribution, which we refer to as deterministic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-09 David Tolpin , Yuan Zhou , Tom Rainforth , Hongseok Yang

Control-flow graphs (CFGs) of structured programs are well known to exhibit strong sparsity properties. Traditionally, this sparsity has been modeled using graph parameters such as treewidth and pathwidth, enabling the development of faster…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Xuran Cai , Amir Goharshady , S Hitarth , Chun Kit Lam

Probabilistic programs encode stochastic models as ordinary-looking programs with primitives for sampling numbers from predefined distributions and conditioning. Their applications include, among many others, machine learning and modeling…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Dominik Geißler , Tobias Winkler

The aim of a probabilistic output analysis is to derive a probability distribution of possible output values for a program from a probability distribution of its input. We present a method for performing static output analysis, based on…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2015-09-30 Mads Rosendahl , Maja H. Kirkeby

We examine the meaning and the complexity of probabilistic logic programs that consist of a set of rules and a set of independent probabilistic facts (that is, programs based on Sato's distribution semantics). We focus on two semantics,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-02-01 Fabio Gagliardi Cozman , Denis Deratani Mauá

Accurately predicting the possible behaviors of traffic participants is an essential capability for autonomous vehicles. Since autonomous vehicles need to navigate in dynamically changing environments, they are expected to make accurate…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-11-15 Yeping Hu , Wei Zhan , Masayoshi Tomizuka

Classical medium access control (MAC) protocols are interpretable, yet their task-agnostic control signaling messages (CMs) are ill-suited for emerging mission-critical applications. By contrast, neural network (NN) based protocol models…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-07-11 Sejin Seo , Jihong Park , Seung-Woo Ko , Jinho Choi , Mehdi Bennis , Seong-Lyun Kim

We introduce and prove basic results about several graph-theoretic notions relevant to the multiresolution analysis of flow graphs that represent the transfer of control in computer programs. We take a category-theoretical viewpoint to…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-06-28 Steve Huntsman

Probabilistic context-free grammars (PCFGs), which are commonly used to generate trees randomly, have been well analyzed theoretically, leading to applications in various domains. Despite their utility, the distributions that the grammar…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2024-08-30 Kai Nakaishi , Koji Hukushima

A modern binary executable is a composition of various networks. Control flow graphs are commonly used to represent an executable program in labeled datasets used for classification tasks. Control flow and term representations are widely…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2024-04-04 John Musgrave , Alina Campan , Temesguen Messay-Kebede , David Kapp , Anca Ralescu

Deterministic graph grammars generate regular graphs, that form a structural extension of configuration graphs of pushdown systems. In this paper, we study a probabilistic extension of regular graphs obtained by labelling the terminal arcs…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2010-11-02 Nathalie Bertrand , Christophe Morvan

Probabilistic programming languages allow programmers to write down conditional probability distributions that represent statistical and machine learning models as programs that use observe statements. These programs are run by accumulating…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2021-01-25 Jules Jacobs

Natural language semantics has recently sought to combine the complementary strengths of formal and distributional approaches to meaning. More specifically, proposals have been put forward to augment formal semantic machinery with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-03 Noortje J. Venhuizen , Petra Hendriks , Matthew W. Crocker , Harm Brouwer