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The rapid evolution of artificial intelligence has led to expectations of transformative impact on science, yet current systems remain fundamentally limited in enabling genuine scientific discovery. This perspective contends that progress…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Karthik Duraisamy

Anthropic reasoning is a critical tool to understand probabilities, especially in a large universe or multiverse. According to anthropic reasoning, we should consider ourselves typical among members of a reference class that must include…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2013-04-10 Mike D. Schneider , Ken D. Olum

Understanding the 3D world from 2D images involves more than detection and segmentation of the objects within the scene. It also includes the interpretation of the structure and arrangement of the scene elements. Such understanding is often…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-07 Or Nachmias , Ohad Fried , Ariel Shamir

Recent advancements in artificial intelligence have enabled generative models to produce synthetic scientific images that are indistinguishable from pristine ones, posing a challenge even for expert scientists habituated to working with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-07 João Phillipe Cardenuto , Sara Mandelli , Daniel Moreira , Paolo Bestagini , Edward Delp , Anderson Rocha

Visual illusions are a very useful tool for vision scientists, because they allow them to better probe the limits, thresholds and errors of the visual system. In this work we introduce the first ever framework to generate novel visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-11-22 Alexander Gomez-Villa , Adrian Martín , Javier Vazquez-Corral , Jesús Malo , Marcelo Bertalmío

The existence of multiple regions of space beyond the observable Universe (within the so-called "multiverse") where the vacuum energy density takes different values, has been postulated as an explanation for the low non-zero value observed…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 Abraham Loeb

We discuss the two moments of human cognition, namely, apprehension (A), whereby a coherent perception emerges from the recruitment of neuronal groups, and judgment(B),that entails the comparison of two apprehensions acquired at different…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2018-02-28 F. Tito Arecchi

After centuries of research, how subjective experience relates to physical phenomena remains unclear. Recent strategies attempt to identify the physical correlates of experience. Less studied is how scientists eliminate the "spurious"…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-05-20 John Realpe-Gomez

A perplexing problem in understanding physical reality is why the universe seems comprehensible, and correspondingly why there should exist physical systems capable of comprehending it. In this essay I explore the possibility that rather…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2015-11-10 Sara Imari Walker

The question of what ontological message (if any) is encoded in the formalism of contemporary physics is, to say the least, controversial. The reasons for this state of affairs are psychological and neurobiological. The processes by which…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Ulrich Mohrhoff

Mathematics is one of the ways our species makes sense of this world and I believe that it is inherent in our thinking machinery. The mathematics we do in turn is dependent on the way we view our universe and ourselves. Lakoff and Nunez…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2020-07-02 Gizem Karaali

Generative AI systems are increasingly recognized as cultural technologies, yet current evaluation frameworks often treat culture as a variable to be measured rather than fundamental to the system's operation. Drawing on hermeneutic theory…

This article deals with the links between the enaction paradigm and artificial intelligence. Enaction is considered a metaphor for artificial intelligence, as a number of the notions which it deals with are deemed incompatible with the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2014-02-27 Pierre De Loor , Kristen Manach , Jacques Tisseau

Latent space is rapidly emerging as a native substrate for language-based models. While modern systems are still commonly understood through explicit token-level generation, an increasing body of work shows that many critical internal…

In this preprint, we present A collaborative human-AI approach to building an inspectable semantic layer for Agentic AI. AI agents first propose candidate knowledge structures from diverse data sources; domain experts then validate,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Liam McGee , James Harvey , Lucy Cull , Andreas Vermeulen , Bart-Floris Visscher , Malvika Sharan

The encounter between human reasoning and generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) cannot be adequately described by inherited metaphors of tool use, augmentation, or collaborative partnership. This article argues that such interactions…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Ilya Levin

This study investigates the application of generative artificial intelligence in architectural design. We present a novel methodology that combines multiple neural networks to create an unsupervised and unmoderated stream of unique…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-15 Alexey Tikhonov , Dmitry Sinyavin

The process through which humans perceive and learn visual representations in dynamic environments is highly complex. From a structural perspective, the human eye decouples the functions of cone and rod cells: cones are primarily…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Gaole Dai , Menghang Dong , Rongyu Zhang , Ruichuan An , Shanghang Zhang , Tiejun Huang

Scene graph generation is a sophisticated task because there is no specific recognition pattern (e.g., "looking at" and "near" have no conspicuous difference concerning vision, whereas "near" could occur between entities with different…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-18 Xiaoguang Chang , Teng Wang , Changyin Sun , Wenzhe Cai

The ability to discover abstract physical concepts and understand how they work in the world through observing lies at the core of human intelligence. The acquisition of this ability is based on compositionally perceiving the environment in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-11 Qu Tang , XiangYu Zhu , Zhen Lei , ZhaoXiang Zhang
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