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Conversational agents are exploding in popularity. However, much work remains in the area of social conversation as well as free-form conversation over a broad range of domains and topics. To advance the state of the art in conversational…

Voice Assistants such as Alexa, Siri, and Google Assistant typically use a two-stage Spoken Language Understanding pipeline; first, an Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) component to process customer speech and generate text transcriptions,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-17 Subendhu Rongali , Beiye Liu , Liwei Cai , Konstantine Arkoudas , Chengwei Su , Wael Hamza

Spoken language understanding (SLU) treats automatic speech recognition (ASR) and natural language understanding (NLU) as a unified task and usually suffers from data scarcity. We exploit an ASR and NLU joint training method based on meta…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-06-28 Yingying Gao , Junlan Feng , Chao Deng , Shilei Zhang

Current state-of-the-art large-scale conversational AI or intelligent digital assistant systems in industry comprises a set of components such as Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) and Natural Language Understanding (NLU). For some of these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-08 Han Li , Sunghyun Park , Aswarth Dara , Jinseok Nam , Sungjin Lee , Young-Bum Kim , Spyros Matsoukas , Ruhi Sarikaya

Natural Language Understanding (NLU) is an established component within a conversational AI or digital assistant system, and it is responsible for producing semantic understanding of a user request. We propose a scalable and automatic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-13 Sunghyun Park , Han Li , Ameen Patel , Sidharth Mudgal , Sungjin Lee , Young-Bum Kim , Spyros Matsoukas , Ruhi Sarikaya

Spoken Language Understanding infers semantic meaning directly from audio data, and thus promises to reduce error propagation and misunderstandings in end-user applications. However, publicly available SLU resources are limited. In this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-30 Emanuele Bastianelli , Andrea Vanzo , Pawel Swietojanski , Verena Rieser

We consider the problem of spoken language understanding (SLU) of extracting natural language intents and associated slot arguments or named entities from speech that is primarily directed at voice assistants. Such a system subsumes both…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-16 Milind Rao , Anirudh Raju , Pranav Dheram , Bach Bui , Ariya Rastrow

Traditional goal-oriented dialogue systems rely on various components such as natural language understanding, dialogue state tracking, policy learning and response generation. Training each component requires annotations which are hard to…

Since being launched in 2014, Alexa, Amazon's versatile cloud-based voice service, is now active in over 100 million households worldwide. Alexa's user-friendly, personalized vocal experience offers customers a more natural way of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-02-24 Yanyan Li , Sara Kim , Eric Sy

Online Digital Assistants, such as Amazon Alexa, Google Assistant, Apple Siri are very popular and provide a range or services to their users, a key function is their ability to satisfy user information needs from the sources available to…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-03-21 Abhishek Kaushik , Gareth J. F. Jones

The e-commerce platform has evolved rapidly due to its widespread popularity and convenience. Developing an e-commerce shopping assistant for customers is crucial to aiding them in quickly finding desired products and recommending precisely…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Shuo Zhang , Boci Peng , Xinping Zhao , Boren Hu , Yun Zhu , Yanjia Zeng , Xuming Hu

Spoken language understanding (SLU) requires a model to analyze input acoustic signal to understand its linguistic content and make predictions. To boost the models' performance, various pre-training methods have been proposed to learn rich…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-16 Yu-An Chung , Chenguang Zhu , Michael Zeng

Currently, adaptive voice applications supported by voice assistants (VA) are very popular (i.e., Alexa skills and Google Home Actions). Under this circumstance, how to design and evaluate these voice interactions well is very important. In…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2019-06-05 Xu Han , Tom Yeh

In this paper we introduce a novel, open domain socialbot for the Amazon Alexa Prize competition, aimed at carrying on friendly conversations with users on a variety of topics. We present our modular system, highlighting our different data…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-01-08 Kevin K. Bowden , Jiaqi Wu , Shereen Oraby , Amita Misra , Marilyn Walker

Spoken Language Understanding (SLU) is the problem of extracting the meaning from speech utterances. It is typically addressed as a two-step problem, where an Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) model is employed to convert speech into text,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-05-04 Elisavet Palogiannidi , Ioannis Gkinis , George Mastrapas , Petr Mizera , Themos Stafylakis

Enriching the quality of early childhood education with interactive math learning at home systems, empowered by recent advances in conversational AI technologies, is slowly becoming a reality. With this motivation, we implement a multimodal…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-06-02 Eda Okur , Roddy Fuentes Alba , Saurav Sahay , Lama Nachman

Agent Skill framework, now widely and officially supported by major players such as GitHub Copilot, LangChain, and OpenAI, performs especially well with proprietary models by improving context engineering, reducing hallucinations, and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Yangjie Xu , Lujun Li , Lama Sleem , Niccolo Gentile , Yewei Song , Yiqun Wang , Siming Ji , Wenbo Wu , Radu State

Spoken language understanding (SLU) is indispensable for half of all living languages that lack a formal writing system. Unlike for high-resource languages, for these languages, we cannot offload semantic understanding of speech to the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Fabian David Schmidt , Ivan Vulić , Goran Glavaš , David Ifeoluwa Adelani

Building Spoken Language Understanding (SLU) robust to Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) errors is an essential issue for various voice-enabled virtual assistants. Considering that most ASR errors are caused by phonetic confusion between…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-24 Zexun Wang , Yuquan Le , Yi Zhu , Yuming Zhao , Mingchao Feng , Meng Chen , Xiaodong He

Virtual assistants such as Google Assistant, Alexa and Siri provide a conversational interface to a large number of services and APIs spanning multiple domains. Such systems need to support an ever-increasing number of services with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-01-30 Abhinav Rastogi , Xiaoxue Zang , Srinivas Sunkara , Raghav Gupta , Pranav Khaitan