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We study the problem of testing discrete distributions with a focus on the high probability regime. Specifically, given samples from one or more discrete distributions, a property $\mathcal{P}$, and parameters $0< \epsilon, \delta <1$, we…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-09-15 Ilias Diakonikolas , Themis Gouleakis , Daniel M. Kane , John Peebles , Eric Price

Device-independent certifications employ Bell tests to guarantee the proper functioning of an apparatus from the sole knowledge of observed measurement statistics, i.e. without assumptions on the internal functioning of the devices. When…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-03-04 Davide Orsucci , Jean-Daniel Bancal , Nicolas Sangouard , Pavel Sekatski

Due to the reduced probability of successful post-selection, the weak-value amplification seems to be unavailable for the parameter-estimation. Here, we show theoretically that, some effects due to the weak interactions present only in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-01-23 Miao Zhang

On the Web, there is always a need to aggregate opinions from the crowd (as in posts, social networks, forums, etc.). Different mechanisms have been implemented to capture these opinions such as "Like" in Facebook, "Favorite" in Twitter,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-06-20 Edmond Awad , Jean-François Bonnefon , Martin Caminada , Thomas Malone , Iyad Rahwan

The treatment effects of the same therapy observed from multiple clinical trials can often be very different. Yet the patient characteristics accounting for these differences may not be identifiable in real world practice. There needs to be…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2015-03-20 Tinghui Yu , Yabing Mai , Sherry Liu , Xiaofei Hu

Motivation: With the growth of big data, variable selection has become one of the major challenges in statistics. Although many methods have been proposed in the literature their performance in terms of recall and precision are limited in a…

Genetic association study is an essential step to discover genetic factors that are associated with a complex trait of interest. In this paper we present a novel generalized quasi-likelihood score (GQLS) test that is suitable for a study…

Applications · Statistics 2011-11-24 Zeny Feng , William W. L. Wong , Xin Gao , Flavio Schenkel

When a subgroup is identified from the data, it must be evaluated in a replicable way. The usual in-sample approach, which evaluates the post-hoc identified subgroup as predefined, might suffer from selection bias. This issue of in-sample…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-06 Shuoxun Xu , Xinzhou Guo

In observational surveys, post-stratification is used to reduce bias resulting from differences between the survey population and the population under investigation. However, this can lead to inflated post-stratification weights and,…

Applications · Statistics 2016-06-24 Yannick Vandendijck , Christel Faes , Niel Hens

Score matching is an estimation procedure that has been developed for statistical models whose probability density function is known up to proportionality but whose normalizing constant is intractable, so that maximum likelihood is…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-04-23 Jiazhen Xu , Janice L. Scealy , Andrew T. A. Wood , Tao Zou

Recent work by Gao et al. (JASA 2022) has laid the foundations for post-clustering inference, establishing a theoretical framework allowing to test for differences between means of estimated clusters. Additionally, they studied the…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-08-15 Javier González-Delgado , Mathis Deronzier , Juan Cortés , Pierre Neuvial

The theocratical properties of the power of the conventional testing hypotheses and the selection bias are usually unknown under covariate-adaptive randomized clinical trials. In the literature, most studies are based on simulations. In…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-05-04 Li-Xin Zhang

As predictive algorithms grow in popularity, using the same dataset to both train and test a new model has become routine across research, policy, and industry. Sample-splitting attains valid inference on model properties by using separate…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-11-27 Bruno Fava

A probabilistic expert system emulates the decision-making ability of a human expert through a directional graphical model. The first step in building such systems is to understand data generation mechanism. To this end, one may try to…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-09-29 Vahid Partovi Nia , Xinlin Li , Masoud Asgharian , Shoubo Hu , Zhitang Chen , Yanhui Geng

Simultaneous inference allows for the exploration of data while deciding on criteria for proclaiming discoveries. It was recently proved that all admissible post-hoc inference methods for true discoveries must employ closed testing. In this…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-03-24 Jinjin Tian , Xu Chen , Eugene Katsevich , Jelle Goeman , Aaditya Ramdas

This article investigates uncertainty quantification of the generalized linear lasso~(GLL), a popular variable selection method in high-dimensional regression settings. In many fields of study, researchers use data-driven methods to select…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-07-11 Quentin Duchemin , Yohann de Castro

Since the seminal work by Prentice and Pyke (1979), the prospective logistic likelihood has become the standard method of analysis for retrospectively collected case-control data, in particular for testing the association between a single…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-07-29 Yukun Liu , Pengfei Li , Lei Song , Kai Yu , Jing Qin

We present a new method for post-selection inference for L1 (lasso)-penalized likelihood models, including generalized regression models. Our approach generalizes the post-selection framework presented in Lee et al (2014). The method…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-10-17 Jonathan Taylor , Robert Tibshirani

Group testing is a method of identifying infected patients by performing tests on a pool of specimens collected from patients. For the case in which the test returns a false result with finite probability, we propose Bayesian inference and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-07-15 Ayaka Sakata

In this paper we analyze judgement aggregation problems in which a group of agents independently votes on a set of complex propositions that has some interdependency constraint between them(e.g., transitivity when describing preferences).…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2013-06-20 Ilan Nehama