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Ramsey's theorem for $n$-tuples and $k$-colors ($\mathsf{RT}^n_k$) asserts that every k-coloring of $[\mathbb{N}]^n$ admits an infinite monochromatic subset. We study the proof-theoretic strength of Ramsey's theorem for pairs and two…

Logic · Mathematics 2018-03-20 Ludovic Patey , Keita Yokoyama

We further develop the theory of layered semigroups, as introduced by Farah, Hindman and McLeod, providing a general framework to prove Ramsey statements about such a semigroup $S$. By nonstandard and topological arguments, we show Ramsey…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-04-26 Jordan Mitchell Barrett

We analyze the pointwise convergence of a sequence of computable elements of L^1(2^omega) in terms of algorithmic randomness. We consider two ways of expressing the dominated convergence theorem and show that, over the base theory RCA_0,…

Logic · Mathematics 2014-01-03 Jeremy Avigad , Edward Dean , Jason Rute

In this paper we present a simple approach to big Ramsey combinatorics of the Cantor set $2^\omega$. Using Infinite Dual Ramsey Theorem of Carlson and Simpson, we show that $2^\omega$, viewed as a topological space, has finite big Ramsey…

Logic · Mathematics 2026-02-24 Dragan Mašulović

Using the Carlson-Simpson theorem, we give a new general condition for a structure in a finite binary relational language to have finite big Ramsey degrees

We both survey and extend a new technique from Lu Liu to prove separation theorems between products of Ramsey-type theorems over computable reducibility. We use this technique to show that Ramsey's theorem for $n$-tuples and three colors is…

Logic · Mathematics 2024-07-03 Julien Cervelle , William Gaudelier , Ludovic Levy Patey

A well-ordering principle is a principle of the form: If $X$ is well-ordered then $F(X)$ is well-ordered, where $F$ is some natural operator transforming linear orders into linear orders. Many important subsystems of Second-order Arithmetic…

Logic · Mathematics 2025-06-12 Lorenzo Carlucci , Leonardo Mainardi , Konrad Zdanowski

The paper presents a solution to the long-standing question about the decidability of the two-variable fragment of the superintuitionistic predicate logic $\mathbf{QLC}$ defined by the class of linear Kripke frames, which is also the…

Logic · Mathematics 2025-10-06 Mikhail Rybakov

We formulate and prove the generalizations of Friedman's free set and thin set theorems and of the rainbow Ramsey theorem to colorings of barriers. We analyze the strength of these theorems from the point of view of computability theory…

Logic · Mathematics 2026-05-06 Lorenzo Carlucci , Oriola Gjetaj

Continuous reducibilities are a proven tool in computable analysis, and have applications in other fields such as constructive mathematics or reverse mathematics. We study the order-theoretic properties of several variants of the two most…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2010-10-22 Arno Pauly

A set of integers $A$ is computably encodable if every infinite set of integers has an infinite subset computing $A$. By a result of Solovay, the computably encodable sets are exactly the hyperarithmetic ones. In this paper, we extend this…

Logic · Mathematics 2019-09-18 Benoit Monin , Ludovic Patey

We show that the well-partial orderedness of the finite downwards closed subsets of $\mathbb{N}^k$ ,ordered by inclusion, is equivalent to the well-foundedness of the ordinal $\omega^{\omega^\omega}$. This was conjectured to be the case by…

Logic · Mathematics 2018-08-06 Florian Pelupessy

In this paper we study a very general finite Ramsey theorem, where both the sets being colored and the homogeneous set must satisfy some largeness notion. For the homogeneous set this has already been done using the notion of…

Logic · Mathematics 2026-03-03 Alberto Marcone , Antonio Montalbán , Andrea Volpi

In this paper we consider the following question in the spirit of Ramsey theory: Given $x\in A^\omega,$ where $A$ is a finite non-empty set, does there exist a finite coloring of the non-empty factors of $x$ with the property that no…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-03-26 Aldo de Luca , Elena V. Pribavkina , Luca Q. Zamboni

The theorem of factorisation forests shows the existence of nested factorisations -- a la Ramsey -- for finite words. This theorem has important applications in semigroup theory, and beyond. The purpose of this paper is to illustrate the…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Thomas Colcombet

We study the reverse mathematics and computability-the\-o\-re\-tic strength of (stable) Ramsey's Theorem for pairs and the related principles COH and DNR. We show that SRT$^2_2$ implies DNR over RCA$_0$ but COH does not, and answer a…

Given a finite coloring (or finite partition) of the free semigroup $A^+$ over a set $A$, we consider various types of monochromatic factorizations of right sided infinite words $x\in A^\omega$. Some stronger versions of the usual notion of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-08-11 Aldo de Luca , Luca Q. Zamboni

An open question in reverse mathematics is whether the cohesive principle, $\COH$, is implied by the stable form of Ramsey's theorem for pairs, $\SRT^2_2$, in $\omega$-models of $\RCA$. One typical way of establishing this implication would…

Logic · Mathematics 2012-12-05 Damir D. Dzhafarov

This paper is a contribution to the growing investigation of strong reducibilities between $\Pi^1_2$ statements of second-order arithmetic, viewed as an extension of the traditional analysis of reverse mathematics. We answer several…

Logic · Mathematics 2015-04-09 Damir D. Dzhafarov

This paper proves that the equational theory of the class $RA_{\alpha}^{csp}$ of representable polyadic algebras is finitely axiomatizable over its substitution-free reduct $RA_{\alpha}^{cp}$, for finite $\alpha$. That is, substitutions of…

Logic · Mathematics 2025-06-17 Hajnal Andréka , Zalán Gyenis , István Németi