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We study the evolution of localized wave groups in unidirectional water wave envelope equations (nonlinear Schrodinger (NLS) and modified NLS (MNLS)). These localizations of energy can lead to disastrous extreme responses (rogue waves).…

Pattern Formation and Solitons · Physics 2015-01-22 Will Cousins , Themistoklis P. Sapsis

In this manuscript we investigate the Benjamin-Feir (or modulation) instability for the spatial evolution of water waves from the perspective of the discrete, spatial Zakharov equation, which captures cubically nonlinear and resonant wave…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2024-03-12 Conor Heffernan , Amin Chabchoub , Raphael Stuhlmeier

We report water wave experiments performed in a long tank where we consider the evolution of nonlinear deep-water surface gravity waves with the envelope in the form of a large-scale rectangular barrier. Our experiments reveal that, for a…

Small-amplitude, traveling, space periodic solutions -- called Stokes waves -- of the 2 dimensional gravity water waves equations in deep water are linearly unstable with respect to long-wave perturbations, as predicted by Benjamin and Feir…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2022-10-19 Massimiliano Berti , Alberto Maspero , Paolo Ventura

We show that periodic traveling waves with sufficiently small amplitudes of the Whitham equation, which incorporates the dispersion relation of surface water waves and the nonlinearity of the shallow water equations,are spectrally unstable…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2014-05-15 Vera Mikyoung Hur , Mathew A. Johnson

Using numerical modeling investigated interaction of solitary waves (solitons) of the regularized long wave equation. For reception the stable model of the nonlinear medium are used methods of the linear prediction and progressive…

Pattern Formation and Solitons · Physics 2007-05-23 Yu. A. Bunyak

This paper investigates the weakly nonlinear isotropic bi-directional Benney--Luke (BL) equation, which is used to describe oceanic surface and internal waves in shallow water, with a particular focus on soliton dynamics. Using the Whitham…

Pattern Formation and Solitons · Physics 2025-05-21 Lei Hu , Xudan Luo , Zhan Wang

The von Neumann equation with delta self-interaction kernel serves as a statistical model for nonlinear waves, and it exhibits a bifurcation between stable and unstable regimes. In oceanography it is known as the Alber equation, and its…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-03-31 Agissilaos Athanassoulis , Fotini Karakatsani , Irene Kyza

This study presents a detailed investigation of the modulational stability of interfacial wave packets in a two-layer inviscid incompressible fluid with finite layer thicknesses and interfacial surface tension. The stability analysis is…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-11-20 Olga Avramenko , Volodymyr Naradovyi

We study modulational stability and instability in the Whitham equation, combining the dispersion relation of water waves and a nonlinearity of the shallow water equations, and modified to permit the effects of surface tension and constant…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2015-08-28 Vera Mikyoung Hur , Mathew A. Johnson

Although extreme or freak waves are repeatedly measured in the oceans, their origin is largely unknown. The interaction of different water waves is seen as one reason for their emergence. One way to consider nonlinear waves in deep water is…

Pattern Formation and Solitons · Physics 2020-08-28 Hendrik Fischer , Marten Hollm , Leo Dostal

We prove that a Stokes' periodic wave of sufficiently small amplitude, traveling under gravity at the free surface of a two dimensional, infinitely deep, and irrotational flow, is spectrally unstable to slow modulation, rigorously…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2021-02-18 Vera Mikyoung Hur

We generalize the periodic Evans function approach recently used to study the spectral stability of Stokes wave and gravity-capillary (including Wilton ripples) in water of finite depth to study spectral stability of Stokes waves in water…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2021-09-28 Zhao Yang

We discuss the formation of large amplitude waves for sea states characterized by JONSWAP spectra with random phases. In this context we discuss experimental results performed in one of the largest wave tank facilities in the world. We…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2007-05-23 M. Onorato , A. R. Osborne , M. Serio , L. Cavaleri , C. Brandini , C. T. Stansberg

We investigate the Benjamin-Feir instability of small-amplitude gravity-capillary Stokes waves in deep water for the full water wave equations. While modulational instability has been classically predicted by formal asymptotic approaches,…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2026-04-21 Ting-Yang Hsiao , Xinyang Wang

Rogue waves are known to be much more common on jet currents. A possible explanation was put forward in [ [V. Shrira and A. Slunyaev, Nonlinear dynamics of trapped waves on jet currents and rogue waves, Phys. Rev. E 89, 041002, 2014]]: for…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2023-10-12 A. V. Slunyaev , V. I. Shrira

Motivated by the ongoing study of dispersive shock waves in non integrable systems, we propose and analyze a set of wave parameters for periodic waves of a large class of Hamiltonian partial differential systems -- including the generalized…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2023-03-06 Sylvie Benzoni-Gavage , Colin Mietka , L. Miguel Rodrigues

Irregular waves which experience the time-limited external forcing within the framework of the nonlinear Schrodinger (NLS) equation are studied numerically. It is shown that the adiabatically slow pumping (the time scale of forcing is much…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2017-03-17 Alexey Slunyaev , Anna Sergeeva , Efim Pelinovsky

The formation of extreme localizations in nonlinear dispersive media can be explained and described within the framework of nonlinear evolution equations, such as the nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation (NLS). Within the class of exact NLS…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2014-04-01 Amin Chabchoub , Mathias Fink

Propagation of localized waves in a Fermi-Dirac distributed super dense matter at the presence of strong external magnetic fields is studied using the reductive perturbation method. Previous works indicate that localized waves break down in…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-30 Azam Ghaani , Kurosh Javidanyand , Mohsen Sarbishaei