Related papers: Muon bundles from cosmic rays with ALICE
Extensive air showers are the result of billions of particle reactions initiated by single cosmic rays at ultra-high energy. Their characteristics are sensitive both to the mass of the primary cosmic ray and to the fine details of hadronic…
The ALICE detector was designed to identify hadrons over a wide range of transverse momentum at mid-rapidity. Here measurements of light charged ({\pi}, K, p) and neutral ({\Lambda}, K0S) hadrons in Pb-Pb collisions at sqrt(s_NN) = 2.76 TeV…
The Pierre Auger Observatory, the world's largest observatory of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECR), offers a unique insight into the properties of hadronic interactions occurring in air showers at energies well above those reached at…
The indirect ground-based observations of cosmic rays through extensive air showers in modern experiments typically involve the use of Monte Carlo simulations to determine the characteristics of the primary particles. These simulations…
Underground muon events detected by the MACRO experiment at Gran Sasso have been studied for different purposes. The studies include the vertical muon intensity measurement, multiplicity distribution, lateral and angular muon distribution…
The possibilities to study ultra-peripheral collisions, in particular exclusive vector meson production, with the ALICE detector is reviewed.
The large parton flux at high energy gives rise to events where different pairs of partons interact contemporarily with large momentum exchange. A main effect of multiple parton interactions is to generate events with many jets at…
The energy spectrum of muons produced in air showers depends not only on the properties of the primary particle, but also on the atmosphere. This is because of the competition between decay and interaction of the parent mesons, which…
It has been shown that muon flux intensities calculated in terms of the EPOS LHC and EPOS 1.99 models at the energy of 10^4 GeV exceed the data of the classical experiments L3+Cosmic, MACRO and LVD on the spectra of atmospheric muons by a…
The IceCube Neutrino Observatory at the South Pole can provide unique tests of muon production models in extensive air showers by measuring both the low-energy (GeV) and high-energy (TeV) muon components. We present here a measurement of…
The excess of muons observed in ultra-high-energy cosmic-ray air showers relative to simulation predictions, known as the muon puzzle, provides indirect evidence of our incomplete understanding of high-energy hadronic interactions. An…
This article presents recent measurements by the ALICE Collaboration in proton--oxygen (pO), oxygen--oxygen (OO), and neon--neon (Ne--Ne) collisions delivered by the LHC in July 2025. Measurements of the primary charged-particle…
The development of an extensive air shower depends not only on the nature of the primary ultra-high-energy cosmic ray but also on the properties of the hadronic interactions. For energies above those achievable in human-made accelerators,…
The event-by-event fluctuations of identified particles in ultrarelativistic nucleus-nucleus collisions give information about the state of matter created in these collisions as well as the phase diagram of nuclear matter. In this…
The ALICE detector at the LHC (A Large Ion Collider Experiment) will carry out comprehensive measurements of high energy nucleus-nucleus collisions, in order to study QCD matter under extreme conditions and the phase transtion between…
Muon beams of low emittance provide the basis for the intense, well characterised neutrino beams of a neutrino factory and for multi-TeV lepton-antilepton collisions at a muon collider. The international Muon Ionization Cooling Experiment…
The production of strange and multi-strange hadrons in proton-proton (pp) and lead-lead (Pb-Pb) collisions is studied with the ALICE experiment at the CERN LHC. These particles are reconstructed via their weak decay topologies, exploiting…
The IceCube Neutrino Observatory provides the opportunity to perform unique measurements of cosmic-ray air showers with its combination of a surface array and a deep detector. Electromagnetic particles and low-energy muons ($\sim$GeV) are…
The study of hadronic resonances plays an important role both in pp and in heavy-ion collisions. Since the lifetimes of short-lived resonances are comparable with the lifetime of the fireball formed in heavy-ion collisions, regeneration and…
The particle identification capabilities of the ALICE experiment are unique among the four major LHC experiments. The working principles and excellent performance of the central barrel detectors in a high-multiplicity environment are…