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Macroscopic quantum coherence emerges when bosons condense into a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC). First observed as a single-component superfluid in helium, BECs later emerged in ultracold atomic gases at nanokelvin temperatures as weakly…
The ground state of two-dimensional (2D) electron systems with equal low densities of electrons and holes in nearby layers is an exciton fluid. We show that a reservoir for excitons can be established by contacting the two layers separately…
Moir\'{e} excitons (MXs) are electron-hole pairs localised by the periodic (moir\'{e}) potential forming in two-dimensional heterostructures (HSs). MXs can be exploited, $e.g.$, for creating nanoscale-ordered quantum emitters and achieving…
Two dimensional materials and their heterostructures constitute a promising platform to study correlated electronic states as well as many body physics of excitons. Here, we present experiments that unite these hitherto separate efforts and…
Exciton condensation, the Bose-Einstein-like condensation of quasibosonic particle-hole pairs, has been the subject of much theoretical and experimental interest and holds promise for ultra-energy-efficient technologies. Recent advances in…
We study density-balanced, mass-asymmetric electron-hole bilayers as a tunable platform for correlated quantum phases. With independent control of carrier density and interlayer separation, the system exhibits a rich phase diagram,…
Spontaneous condensation of excitons is a long sought phenomenon analogous to the condensation of Cooper pairs in a superconductor. It is expected to occur in a semiconductor at thermodynamic equilibrium if the binding energy of the…
Exciton many-body interaction bear great implication for application in advanced photonic devices and quantum science and technology such as quantum computing, but the fundamental understanding about exciton many-body interaction is very…
Excitons, Coulomb-bound electron-hole pairs, play a fundamental role in both optical excitation and correlated phenomena in solids. When an exciton interacts with other quasi-particles, few- and many-body excited states, such as trions,…
Monolayers (MLs) of MoS2 and WSe2 are 2D semiconductors with strong, direct optical transitions that are governed by tightly Coulomb bound eletron-hole pairs (excitons). The optoelectronic properties of these transition metal…
Excitons, Coulomb bound electron-hole pairs, dominate the optical response of two-dimensional semiconductors across near-infrared and visible frequencies due to their large binding energy and prominent oscillator strength. Previous…
The region surrounding the excitonic insulator phase is a three-component plasma composed of electrons, holes, and excitons. Due to the extended nature of the excitons, their presence influences the surrounding electrons and holes. We…
The correlation properties of the cold system consisting of the electron-hole plasma interacting with the exciton gas are analyzed. It is shown that the homogeneous state of the system is unstable and in the stationary state the densities…
We theoretically predict that a true bilayer exciton condensate,characterised by off-diagonal long range order and global phase coherence, can be created in one-dimensional solid state electron systems. The mechanism by which this happens…
Bound electron-hole pairs in semiconductors known as excitons can form a coherent state at low temperatures akin to a BCS condensate. The resulting phase is known as the excitonic insulator and has superfluid properties. Here we…
Excitonic insulators (EIs), arising in semiconductors when the electron-hole binding energy exceeds the band gap, are a solid-state prototype for bosonic phases of matter. Unlike the charged excitations that are frozen and unable to…
Many-body interactions can produce novel ground states in a condensed-matter system. For example, interacting electrons and holes can spontaneously form excitons, a neutral bound state, provided that the exciton binding energy exceeds the…
Vertical heterostructures combining different layered materials offer novel opportunities for applications and fundamental studies of collective behavior driven by inter-layer Coulomb coupling. Here we report heterostructures comprising a…
The strong Coulomb forces in monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides ensure that optical excitation of band electrons gives rise to Wannier-Mott excitonic states, each of which can be conceptualized as a composite of a Gaussian…
Semiconductor heterostructures provide a powerful platform for the engineering of excitons. Here we report the excitonic properties of two-dimensional (2D) heterostructures that consist of monolayer MoS2 and WS2 stacked epitaxially or…