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In this paper, we give polynomial-time algorithms that can take a graph G with a given combinatorial embedding on an orientable surface S of genus g and produce a planar drawing of G in R^2, with a bounding face defined by a polygonal…

Let $\Sigma$ be a closed minimal surface immersed in a Riemannian 3-manifold carrying an orthonormal Killing frame. This class of ambient spaces includes Lie groups with a bi-invariant metric. In this paper, we prove that the sum of the…

This paper develops new tools for understanding surfaces with more than one end (and usually, of infinite topology) which properly minimally embed into Euclidean three-space. On such a surface, the set of ends forms a compact Hausdorff…

Let M be a 3-manifold (possibly with boundary). We show that, for any positive integer g, there exists an open nonempty set of metrics on M for each of which there are stable compact embedded minimal surfaces of genus g with arbitrarily…

We study nonorientable maximal surfaces in Lorentz-Minkowski 3-space. We prove some existence results for surfaces of this kind with high genus and one end.

The $2$-cell embeddings of graphs on closed surfaces have been widely studied. It is well known that ($2$-cell) embedding a given graph $G$ on a closed orientable surface is equivalent to cyclically ordering the edges incident to each…

Let $\mathrm{Mod}(S_g)$ be the mapping class group of the closed orientable surface $S_g$ of genus $g\geq 2$. In this paper, we derive necessary and sufficient conditions under which two torsion elements in $\mathrm{Mod}(S_g)$ will have…

Suppose $R$ is a commutative ring with identity and a fixed invertible element $q^{\frac{1}{2}}$ such that $q+q^{-1}$ is invertible. For an oriented surface $\Sigma$, let $\mathcal{S}(\Sigma;R)$ denote the Kauffman bracket skein algebra of…

Consider a planar, bounded, $m$-connected region $\Omega$, and let $\bord\Omega$ be its boundary. Let $\mathcal{T}$ be a cellular decomposition of $\Omega\cup\bord\Omega$, where each 2-cell is either a triangle or a quadrilateral. From…

The branched virtual fibering theorem by Sakuma states that every closed orientable $3$-manifold with a Heegaard surface of genus $g$ has a branched double cover which is a genus $g$ surface bundle over the circle. It is proved by Brooks…

Let $\Sigma_{g'}\to \Sigma_g$ be a cover of an orientable surface of genus g by an orientable surface of genus g', branched at n points, with Galois group H. Such a cover induces a virtual action of the mapping class group…

We show that a hyperbolic $3$-manifold can be the cyclic branched cover of at most fifteen knots in $\mathbf{S}^3$. This is a consequence of a general result about finite groups of orientation preserving diffeomorphisms acting on…

Let $\phi \in {\rm Mod}(\Sigma)$ be an arbitrary element of the mapping class group of a closed orientable surface $\Sigma$ of genus at least $2$. For any characteristic cover $\widetilde{\Sigma} \to \Sigma$ one can consider the linear…

In this article we study the spectrum of totally geodesic surfaces of a finite volume hyperbolic 3-manifold. We show that for arithmetic hyperbolic 3-manifolds that contain a totally geodesic surface, this spectrum determines the…

Consider a sequence of closed, orientable surfaces of fixed genus $g$ in a Riemannian manifold $M$ with uniform upper bounds on mean curvature and area. We show that on passing to a subsequence and choosing appropriate parametrisations, the…

This article consists in applications of [arXiv:2511.14232] in the case of homemomorphisms of higher genus surfaces whose homological rotation set is big enough -- a class of dynamics that is open. We first prove a structure theorem for the…

Associated to every complete affine 3-manifold M with nonsolvable fundamental group is a noncompact hyperbolic surface S. We classify such complete affine structures when Sigma is homeomorphic to a three-holed sphere. In particular, for…

This paper gives sharp linear bounds on the genus of a normal surface in a triangulated compact, orientable 3--manifold in terms of the quadrilaterals in its cell decomposition---different bounds arise from varying hypotheses on the surface…

We determine all finite maximal elementary abelian group actions on compact oriented surfaces of genus $\sigma\geq 2$ which are unique up to topological equivalence. For certain special classes of such actions, we determine group extensions…

Let $\Gamma_{g}$ be the fundamental group of a closed connected orientable surface of genus $g\geq2$. We develop a new method for integrating over the representation space $\mathbb{X}_{g,n}=\mathrm{Hom}(\Gamma_{g},S_{n})$ where $S_{n}$ is…