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In recent years, the global demand for high-resolution videos and the emergence of new multimedia applications have created the need for a new video coding standard. Hence, in July 2020 the Versatile Video Coding (VVC) standard was released…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-07-01 Anup Saha , Wassim Hamidouche , Miguel Chavarrías , Guillaume Gautier , Fernando Pescador , Ibrahim Farhat

Vision Language Models (VLMs) have demonstrated strong capabilities across various visual understanding and reasoning tasks, driven by incorporating image representations into the token inputs of Large Language Models (LLMs). However, their…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Kevin Y. Li , Sachin Goyal , Joao D. Semedo , J. Zico Kolter

Key-Value cache (\texttt{KV} \texttt{cache}) compression has emerged as a promising technique to optimize Large Language Model (LLM) serving. It primarily decreases the memory consumption of \texttt{KV} \texttt{cache} to reduce the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Wei Gao , Xinyu Zhou , Peng Sun , Tianwei Zhang , Yonggang Wen

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have emerged as a critical and fast-growing extension of Large Language Models (LLMs) that enable multimodal reasoning through both text and image inputs. Although VLMs enrich the capabilities of language…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Yingbing Huang , Tharun Adithya Srikrishnan , Steven K. Reinhardt , Deming Chen

Phase-change memory (PCM) is a promising non-volatile solid-state memory technology. A PCM cell stores data by using its amorphous and crystalline states. The cell changes between these two states using high temperature. However, since the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2012-07-20 Minghai Qin , Eitan Yaakobi , Paul H. Siegel

We present a new variable-length computation-friendly encoding scheme, named SFDC (Succinct Format with Direct aCcesibility), that supports direct and fast accessibility to any element of the compressed sequence and achieves compression…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-04-03 Domenico Cantone , Simone Faro

Modern video codecs have been extensively optimized to preserve perceptual quality, leveraging models of the human visual system. However, in split inference systems-where intermediate features from neural network are transmitted instead of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Md Eimran Hossain Eimon , Ashan Perera , Juan Merlos , Velibor Adzic , Hari Kalva

We propose two optimization techniques to minimize memory usage and computation while meeting system timing constraints for real-time classification in wearable systems. Our method derives a hierarchical classifier structure for Support…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-09 Mahdi Pedram , Mahsan Rofouei , Francesco Fraternali , Zhila Esna Ashari , Hassan Ghasemzadeh

While memory-augmented neural networks (MANNs) offer an effective solution for few-shot learning (FSL) by integrating deep neural networks with external memory, the capacity requirements and energy overhead of data movement become enormous…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-09-13 Hao-Wei Chiang , Chi-Tse Huang , Hsiang-Yun Cheng , Po-Hao Tseng , Ming-Hsiu Lee , An-Yeu , Wu

The forthcoming Versatile Video Coding (VVC) standard adopts the trellis-coded quantization, which leverages the delicate trellis graph to map the quantization candidates within one block into the optimal path. Despite the high compression…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2021-02-24 Meng Wang , Shiqi Wang , Junru Li , Li Zhang , Yue Wang , Siwei Ma , Sam Kwong

In this work, we construct energy-efficient variable-to-fixed length (V2F), fixed-to-variable length (F2V), and variable-to-variable length (V2V) prefix-free codes, which are optimal (or near-optimal) in the sense that no (or few) other…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-03-05 Junho Cho

A trend towards energy-efficiency, security and privacy has led to a recent focus on deploying DNNs on microcontrollers. However, limits on compute and memory resources restrict the size and the complexity of the ML models deployable in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-19 Fernando García-Redondo , Shidhartha Das , Glen Rosendale

Non-volatile memory (NVM) technologies such as spin-transfer torque magnetic random access memory (STT-MRAM) and spin-orbit torque magnetic random access memory (SOT-MRAM) have significant advantages compared to conventional SRAM due to…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-05-23 Ahmet Inci , Mehmet Meric Isgenc , Diana Marculescu

We consider the variable-to-fixed length lossy source coding (VFSC) problem. The optimal compression rate of the average length of variable-to-fixed source coding, allowing a non-vanishing probability of excess-distortion $\varepsilon$, is…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-03-20 Lan V. Truong , Vincent Y. F. Tan

In this paper, we study a new problem arising from the emerging MPEG standardization effort Video Coding for Machine (VCM), which aims to bridge the gap between visual feature compression and classical video coding. VCM is committed to…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-01-10 Sifeng Xia , Kunchangtai Liang , Wenhan Yang , Ling-Yu Duan , Jiaying Liu

Large Language Models (LLMs) achieve strong performance across tasks, but face storage and compute challenges on edge devices. We propose EntroLLM, a compression framework combining mixed quantization and entropy coding to reduce storage…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Arnab Sanyal , Gourav Datta , Prithwish Mukherjee , Sandeep P. Chinchali , Michael Orshansky

Variable-length feedback coding has the potential to significantly enhance communication reliability in finite block length scenarios by adapting coding strategies based on real-time receiver feedback. Designing such codes, however, is…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-11-14 Wenwei Lai , Yulin Shao , Yu Ding , Deniz Gunduz

This study investigates the fundamental limits of variable-length compression in which prefix-free constraints are not imposed (i.e., one-to-one codes are studied) and non-vanishing error probabilities are permitted. Due in part to a…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-10-05 Yuta Sakai , Recep Can Yavas , Vincent Y. F. Tan

NVM-based systems are naturally fit candidates for incorporating periodic checkpointing (or snapshotting). This increases the reliability of the system, makes it more immune to power failures, and reduces wasted work in especially an HPC…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-01-30 Akshin Singh , Smruti R. Sarangi

The upcoming video coding standard, Versatile Video Coding (VVC), has shown great improvement compared to its predecessor, High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC), in terms of bitrate saving. Despite its substantial performance, compressed…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-12-09 Fatemeh Nasiri , Wassim Hamidouche , Luce Morin , Nicolas Dhollande , Gildas Cocherel