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To answer a question, language models often need to integrate prior knowledge learned during pretraining and new information presented in context. We hypothesize that models perform this integration in a predictable way across different…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Kevin Du , Vésteinn Snæbjarnarson , Niklas Stoehr , Jennifer C. White , Aaron Schein , Ryan Cotterell

Recent work in neural machine translation has demonstrated both the necessity and feasibility of using inter-sentential context -- context from sentences other than those currently being translated. However, while many current methods…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-03 Patrick Fernandes , Kayo Yin , Graham Neubig , André F. T. Martins

Modeling and prediction of review helpfulness has become more predominant due to proliferation of e-commerce websites and online shops. Since the functionality of a product cannot be tested before buying, people often rely on different…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-29 Iyiola E. Olatunji , Xin Li , Wai Lam

Venue recommendation aims to assist users by making personalised suggestions of venues to visit, building upon data available from location-based social networks (LBSNs) such as Foursquare. A particular challenge for this task is…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2016-06-28 Jarana Manotumruksa , Craig Macdonald , Iadh Ounis

Session-based recommendation is a problem setting where the task of a recommender system is to make suitable item suggestions based only on a few observed user interactions in an ongoing session. The lack of long-term preference information…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-08-18 Andres Ferraro , Dietmar Jannach , Xavier Serra

Session-based recommendation (SBR) is a task that aims to predict items based on anonymous sequences of user behaviors in a session. While there are methods that leverage rich context information in sessions for SBR, most of them have the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Zhihui Zhang , JianXiang Yu , Xiang Li

Modern recommendation systems rely on the wisdom of the crowd to learn the optimal course of action. This induces an inherent mis-alignment of incentives between the system's objective to learn (explore) and the individual users' objective…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2018-07-06 Gal Bahar , Rann Smorodinsky , Moshe Tennenholtz

State-of-the-art methods on conversational recommender systems (CRS) leverage external knowledge to enhance both items' and contextual words' representations to achieve high quality recommendations and responses generation. However, the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-04-19 Huy Dao , Dung D. Le , Cuong Chu

Cognition does not only depend on bottom-up sensor feature abstraction, but also relies on contextual information being passed top-down. Context is higher level information that helps to predict belief states at lower levels. The main…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-01-09 Bernhard Hengst , Maurice Pagnucco , David Rajaratnam , Claude Sammut , Michael Thielscher

Recommender Systems have been widely used to help users in finding what they are looking for thus tackling the information overload problem. After several years of research and industrial findings looking after better algorithms to improve…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2018-07-18 Vito Bellini , Angelo Schiavone , Tommaso Di Noia , Azzurra Ragone , Eugenio Di Sciascio

Recent studies have proposed unified user modeling frameworks that leverage user behavior data from various applications. Many of them benefit from utilizing users' behavior sequences as plain texts, representing rich information in any…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-05-16 Kyuyong Shin , Hanock Kwak , Wonjae Kim , Jisu Jeong , Seungjae Jung , Kyung-Min Kim , Jung-Woo Ha , Sang-Woo Lee

We study how conditioning context shapes personalization behavior in a teacher-facing educational recommender system. We compare contextual conditioning based on the current student question with memory-based conditioning using persistent…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Junsoo Park , Youssef Medhat , Htet Phyo Wai , Ploy Thajchayapong , Ashok K. Goel

Successfully handling context is essential for any dialog understanding task. This context maybe be conversational (relying on previous user queries or system responses), visual (relying on what the user sees, for example, on their screen),…

Conversational recommender systems (CRS) are interactive agents that support their users in recommendation-related goals through multi-turn conversations. Generally, a CRS can be evaluated in various dimensions. Today's CRS mainly rely on…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-09-08 Ahtsham Manzoor , Dietmar jannach

Learning to rank has been intensively studied and widely applied in information retrieval. Typically, a global ranking function is learned from a set of labeled data, which can achieve good performance on average but may be suboptimal for…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2018-04-25 Qingyao Ai , Keping Bi , Jiafeng Guo , W. Bruce Croft

Modern recommender systems operate in uniquely dynamic settings: user interests, item pools, and popularity trends shift continuously, and models must adapt in real time without forgetting past preferences. While existing tutorials on…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Hyunsik Yoo , SeongKu Kang , Hanghang Tong

We tackle the challenge of integrating large language models (LLMs) with external recommender systems to enhance domain expertise in conversational recommendation (CRS). Current LLM-based CRS approaches primarily rely on zero/few-shot…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Chuang Li , Weida Liang , Hengchang Hu , See-Kiong Ng , Min-Yen Kan , Haizhou Li , Yang Deng

The query suggestion or auto-completion mechanisms help users to type less while interacting with a search engine. A basic approach that ranks suggestions according to their frequency in the query logs is suboptimal. Firstly, many candidate…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2013-12-06 Eugene Kharitonov , Craig Macdonald , Pavel Serdyukov , Iadh Ounis

In many cases, recommendations are consumed by groups of users rather than individuals. In this paper, we present a system which recommends social events to groups. The system helps groups to organize a joint activity and collectively…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2014-03-26 Stratis Ioannidis , S. Muthukrishnan , Jinyun Yan

Contextual information at inference time, such as demonstrations, retrieved knowledge, or interaction history, can substantially improve large language models (LLMs) without parameter updates, yet its theoretical role remains poorly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Dingzirui Wang , Xuanliang Zhang , Keyan Xu , Qingfu Zhu , Wanxiang Che , Yang Deng