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Sememes are minimum semantic units of concepts in human languages, such that each word sense is composed of one or multiple sememes. Words are usually manually annotated with their sememes by linguists, and form linguistic common-sense…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-06-19 Huiming Jin , Hao Zhu , Zhiyuan Liu , Ruobing Xie , Maosong Sun , Fen Lin , Leyu Lin

The Tsetlin Machine (TM) has gained significant attention in Machine Learning (ML). By employing logical fundamentals, it facilitates pattern learning and representation, offering an alternative approach for developing comprehensible…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Ahmed K. Kadhim , Ole-Christoffer Granmo , Lei Jiao , Rishad Shafik

The prevalent approaches of Chinese word segmentation task almost rely on the Bi-LSTM neural network. However, the methods based the Bi-LSTM have some inherent drawbacks: hard to parallel computing, little efficient in applying the Dropout…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-05-22 Wei Jiang , Yan Tang

Tokenization significantly influences language models(LMs)' performance. This paper traces the evolution of tokenizers from word-level to subword-level, analyzing how they balance tokens and types to enhance model adaptability while…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-04 Jinbiao Yang

At present, most Natural Language Processing technology is based on the results of Word Segmentation for Dependency Parsing, which mainly uses an end-to-end method based on supervised learning. There are two main problems with this method:…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-07-08 Guang Liu , Gang Tu , Zheng Li , Yi-Jian Liu

Neural models with minimal feature engineering have achieved competitive performance against traditional methods for the task of Chinese word segmentation. However, both training and working procedures of the current neural models are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-04-25 Deng Cai , Hai Zhao , Zhisong Zhang , Yuan Xin , Yongjian Wu , Feiyue Huang

In this paper, we present an end-to-end automatic speech recognition system, which successfully employs subword units in a hybrid CTC-Attention based system. The subword units are obtained by the byte-pair encoding (BPE) compression…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-09-07 Zhangyu Xiao , Zhijian Ou , Wei Chu , Hui Lin

Neural network has become the dominant method for Chinese word segmentation. Most existing models cast the task as sequence labeling, using BiLSTM-CRF for representing the input and making output predictions. Recently, attention-based…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-07-29 Leilei Gan , Yue Zhang

Discriminative training techniques define state-of-the-art performance for automatic speech recognition systems. However, they are inherently prone to overfitting, leading to poor generalization performance when using limited training data.…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-05-11 Shoukang Hu , Xurong Xie , Shansong Liu , Jianwei Yu , Zi Ye , Mengzhe Geng , Xunying Liu , Helen Meng

Most previous approaches to Chinese word segmentation formalize this problem as a character-based sequence labeling task where only contextual information within fixed sized local windows and simple interactions between adjacent tags can be…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-12-05 Deng Cai , Hai Zhao

The SIGMORPHON 2022 shared task on morpheme segmentation challenged systems to decompose a word into a sequence of morphemes and covered most types of morphology: compounds, derivations, and inflections. Subtask 1, word-level morpheme…

Being less resource languages, Indian-Indian and English-Indian language MT system developments faces the difficulty to translate various lexical phenomena. In this paper, we present our work on a comparative study of 440 phrase-based…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-10-09 Sreelekha S , Pushpak Bhattacharyya

This paper introduces the system submitted by the Yidun NISP team to the video keyword wakeup challenge. We propose a mandarin keyword spotting system (KWS) with several novel and effective improvements, including a big backbone (B) model,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-06 Yuting Yang , Binbin Du , Yingxin Zhang , Wenxuan Wang , Yuke Li

The assumption across nearly all language model (LM) tokenization schemes is that tokens should be subwords, i.e., contained within word boundaries. While providing a seemingly reasonable inductive bias, is this common practice limiting the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Alisa Liu , Jonathan Hayase , Valentin Hofmann , Sewoong Oh , Noah A. Smith , Yejin Choi

We tackle the task of Term Set Expansion (TSE): given a small seed set of example terms from a semantic class, finding more members of that class. The task is of great practical utility, and also of theoretical utility as it requires…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-05 Guy Kushilevitz , Shaul Markovitch , Yoav Goldberg

Language models provide a key framework for studying linguistic theories based on prediction, but phonological analysis using large language models (LLMs) is difficult; there are few phonological benchmarks beyond English and the standard…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Zébulon Goriely , Paula Buttery

We introduce Tokenization with Split Trees (ToaST), a subword tokenization method that directly optimizes compression under a new recursive inference procedure. ToaST greedily splits each pretoken into a full binary tree using precomputed…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Craig W. Schmidt , Michael Krumdick , Adam Wiemerslage , Seth Ebner , Varshini Reddy , Yuval Pinter , Chris Tanner

Chinese word segmentation has entered the deep learning era which greatly reduces the hassle of feature engineering. Recently, some researchers attempted to treat it as character-level translation, which further simplified model designing,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-12 Pinzhen Chen , Kenneth Heafield

Prior methods to text segmentation are mostly at token level. Despite the adequacy, this nature limits their full potential to capture the long-term dependencies among segments. In this work, we propose a novel framework that incrementally…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-16 Yangming Li , Lemao Liu , Kaisheng Yao

This work introduces an approach to assessing phrase break in ESL learners' speech with pre-trained language models (PLMs). Different with traditional methods, this proposal converts speech to token sequences, and then leverages the power…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-31 Zhiyi Wang , Shaoguang Mao , Wenshan Wu , Yan Xia